Belaj Angjelina, Ninot Antònia, Gómez-Gálvez Francisco J, El Riachy Milad, Gurbuz-Veral Melek, Torres Mariela, Lazaj Adhurim, Klepo Tatjana, Paz Sergio, Ugarte Javier, Baldoni Luciana, Lorite Ignacio J, Šatović Zlatko, de la Rosa Raúl
Centro "Alameda del Obispo", Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria, Pesquera, Alimentaria y de la Producción Ecológica, IFAPA, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.
IRTA, Mas Bové, Constantí, 43120 Tarragona, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Mar 29;11(7):921. doi: 10.3390/plants11070921.
Olive, the emblematic Mediterranean fruit crop, owns a great varietal diversity, which is maintained in ex situ field collections, such as the World Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba (WOGBC), Spain. Accurate identification of WOGBC, one of the world's largest collections, is essential for efficient management and use of olive germplasm. The present study is the first report of the use of a core set of 96 EST-SNP markers for the fingerprinting of 1273 accessions from 29 countries, including both field and new acquired accessions. The EST-SNP fingerprinting made possible the accurate identification of 668 different genotypes, including 148 detected among the new acquired accessions. Despite the overall high genetic diversity found at WOGBC, the EST-SNPs also revealed the presence of remarkable redundant germplasm mostly represented by synonymy cases within and between countries. This finding, together with the presence of homonymy cases, may reflect a continuous interchange of olive cultivars, as well as a common and general approach for their naming. The structure analysis revealed a certain geographic clustering of the analysed germplasm. The EST-SNP panel under study provides a powerful and accurate genotyping tool, allowing for the foundation of a common strategy for efficient safeguarding and management of olive genetic resources.
油橄榄是具有代表性的地中海水果作物，品种极为多样，这些品种在异地田间种质库中得以保存，比如西班牙科尔多瓦的世界油橄榄种质库（WOGBC）。准确鉴定作为全球最大种质库之一的WOGBC，对于高效管理和利用油橄榄种质至关重要。本研究首次报道了利用一套包含96个EST-SNP标记的核心标记对来自29个国家的1273份种质进行指纹图谱分析，其中包括田间种质和新获取的种质。EST-SNP指纹图谱分析使得准确鉴定668个不同基因型成为可能，其中在新获取的种质中检测到148个。尽管在WOGBC中发现总体遗传多样性较高，但EST-SNP也揭示出存在大量冗余种质，大多表现为国家内部和国家之间的同义情况。这一发现，连同同物异名情况的存在，可能反映出油橄榄品种的持续交流，以及它们命名的常见通用方法。结构分析揭示了所分析种质存在一定的地理聚类。所研究的EST-SNP标记组提供了一种强大而准确的基因分型工具，有助于建立高效保护和管理油橄榄遗传资源的通用策略。
