Shi Xingling, Xu Lingli, Wang Qingliang, Xu Lin
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Materials (Basel). 2017 Jul 17;10(7):812. doi: 10.3390/ma10070812.
Hydrocarbon contamination accumulated on titanium (Ti) implant surfaces during storage and sterilization is unavoidable and difficult to remove. It impairs the bioactivity of implants, restricts initial interactions between implants and the surrounding biological environment, and has become a common challenge for Ti implants. To overcome this problem, sterilization was considered as the final surface modification and a novel method, hydrothermal sterilization (HS), was proposed. Briefly, stored sandpaper-polished Ti specimens were sterilized in a glass container with pure water at 121 °C for 20 min and kept in the same water until utilization. As a control, another group of specimens was sterilized with conventional autoclaving (AC) at 121 °C for 20 min and stored in sterilization pouches after being dried at 60 °C. Compared with AC, HS deposited numerous nano-sized particles on the substrates, reduced the atomic percentage of the surface carbon, and transformed the Ti surface to a super hydrophilic status. HS also increased the attachment rate, spread, proliferation, and the mineralized nodule areas of rat bone marrow-derived osteoblasts. These results suggest that HS enhances the bioactivity of Ti implants for osteoblasts, and that this biofunctionalization was attributed to nanostructure construction, hydrophilic conversion, and the effective removal of hydrocarbons. Hydrothermal sterilization is proposed to be used as a universal sterilization method for all kinds of titanium implants without apatite coating.
在储存和灭菌过程中，钛（Ti）植入物表面不可避免地会积累碳氢化合物污染，且难以去除。这会损害植入物的生物活性，限制植入物与周围生物环境之间的初始相互作用，已成为钛植入物面临的一个普遍挑战。为克服这一问题，灭菌被视为最终的表面改性方法，并提出了一种新方法——水热灭菌（HS）。简要来说，将储存的经砂纸打磨的钛样本置于玻璃容器中，加入纯水，在121℃下灭菌20分钟，并保持在同一水中直至使用。作为对照，另一组样本在121℃下用传统高压蒸汽灭菌（AC）20分钟，60℃干燥后储存在灭菌袋中。与AC相比，HS在基底上沉积了大量纳米级颗粒，降低了表面碳的原子百分比，并将钛表面转变为超亲水状态。HS还提高了大鼠骨髓来源成骨细胞的附着率、铺展、增殖以及矿化结节面积。这些结果表明，HS增强了钛植入物对成骨细胞的生物活性，且这种生物功能化归因于纳米结构构建、亲水性转化以及碳氢化合物的有效去除。水热灭菌被提议用作所有无磷灰石涂层的各类钛植入物的通用灭菌方法。
