Razi Putri Zulaiha, Abdul Razak Hashim, Khalid Nur Hafizah A
StrucHMRS Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
UTM Construction Research Centre (UTM CRC), Institute for Smart Infrastructure and Innovative Construction (ISIIC), Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Materials (Basel). 2016 May 6;9(5):341. doi: 10.3390/ma9050341.
This study investigates the engineering performance and CO₂ footprint of mortar mixers by replacing Portland cement with 10%, 20%, 40% and 60% fly ash, a common industrial waste material. Samples of self-compacting mortar (SCM) were prepared with four different water/binder ratios and varying dosages of superplasticizer to give three ranges of workability, , normal, high and self-compacting mortar mix. The engineering performance was assessed in term of compressive strength after designated curing periods for all mixes. CO₂ footprint was the environmental impact indicator of each production stage. The optimum mix obtained was at 10% replacement rate for all mixes. Total production emission reduced by 56% when the fly ash replacement rate increased from 0% to 60% (maximum). This is translated to a reduction of 80% in eco-points (assuming that the energy consumption rate of production with 0% fly ash is at 100%). Such re-utilization is encouraged since it is able to reduce possible soil toxicity due to sulfur leaching by 5% to 27% and landfill area by 15% to 91% on average.
本研究通过用10%、20%、40%和60%的粉煤灰（一种常见的工业废料）替代波特兰水泥，来调查砂浆搅拌机的工程性能和二氧化碳足迹。用四种不同的水胶比和不同剂量的高效减水剂制备了自密实砂浆（SCM）样品，以给出三种工作性范围，即普通、高和自密实砂浆混合物。在所有混合物经过指定养护期后，根据抗压强度评估工程性能。二氧化碳足迹是每个生产阶段的环境影响指标。所有混合物在10%的替代率下获得了最佳混合物。当粉煤灰替代率从0%增加到60%（最大值）时，总生产排放量减少了56%。这相当于生态点数减少了80%（假设0%粉煤灰生产的能源消耗率为100%）。这种再利用受到鼓励，因为它能够平均将由于硫浸出可能导致的土壤毒性降低5%至27%，并将填埋面积减少15%至91%。
