Gonzalez-Perez Alfredo, Persson Kenneth M
South Sweden Water Supply (Sydvatten AB), Skeppsgatan 19, Malmö SE-21119, Sweden.
Sweden Water Research AB, Ideon Science Park, Scheelevägen 15, Lund SE-22370, Sweden.
Materials (Basel). 2016 Jun 3;9(6):447. doi: 10.3390/ma9060447.
Water scarcity issues associated with inadequate access to clean water and sanitation is a ubiquitous problem occurring globally. Addressing future challenges will require a combination of new technological development in water purification and environmental remediation technology with suitable conservation policies. In this scenario, new bioinspired materials will play a pivotal role in the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly solutions. The role of amphiphilic self-assembly on the fabrication of new biomimetic membranes for membrane separation like reverse osmosis is emphasized. Mesoporous support materials for semiconductor growth in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants and new carriers for immobilization of bacteria in bioreactors are used in the removal and processing of different kind of water pollutants like heavy metals. Obstacles to improve and optimize the fabrication as well as a better understanding of their performance in small-scale and pilot purification systems need to be addressed. However, it is expected that these new biomimetic materials will find their way into the current water purification technologies to improve their purification/removal performance in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly way.
与清洁水和卫生设施获取不足相关的水资源短缺问题是全球普遍存在的问题。应对未来挑战需要将水净化和环境修复技术方面的新技术发展与适当的保护政策相结合。在这种情况下，新型仿生材料将在开发更高效、更环保的解决方案中发挥关键作用。强调了两亲性自组装在制备用于膜分离（如反渗透）的新型仿生膜方面的作用。用于光催化降解污染物的半导体生长的介孔支撑材料以及用于生物反应器中细菌固定化的新型载体被用于去除和处理不同种类的水污染物，如重金属。需要解决改进和优化制造过程以及更好地理解它们在小规模和中试净化系统中的性能方面的障碍。然而，预计这些新型仿生材料将进入当前的水净化技术，以经济高效且环保的方式提高其净化/去除性能。
