Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.
Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 3;7(1):7222. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07833-1.
Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), the major bioactive triterpene glycoside of glycyrrhiza, has been shown to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and anti-viral properties. However, few studies have examined the anti-allergic activity and exact mechanism of action of GA. In the present work, the anti-allergic activity and possible mechanisms of action of GA on an immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated allergic reaction has been studied using three models of allergic reaction in vivo and in vitro. Active systemic allergic reaction in Balb/c mice showed that GA can suppress the increased level of IL-4 to restore the immune balance of T1/T2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, GA attenuated significantly the B cells producing allergen-specific IgE and IgG partly because of the low levels of T2 cytokines. Both passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in vivo and an RBL-2H3 cell-based immunological assay in vitro indicated that GA acted as a "mast cell stabilizer", as it inhibited mast cell degranulation and decreased vascular permeability by inhibiting the expression of Orai1, STIM1 and TRPC1, which blocked extracellular Ca influxes. The current study suggests that GA may serve as an effective anti-allergic agent derived from food for the prevention and treatment of IgE-mediated allergic reaction.
甘草酸（GA）是甘草中的主要生物活性三萜糖苷，具有广泛的药理作用，包括抗炎和抗病毒作用。然而，很少有研究探讨 GA 的抗过敏活性和确切作用机制。本研究采用体内和体外三种过敏反应模型，研究了 GA 对免疫球蛋白（Ig）E 介导的过敏反应的抗过敏活性和可能的作用机制。在 Balb/c 小鼠中进行的主动全身性过敏反应表明，GA 可以抑制 IL-4 水平的升高，从而恢复 T1/T2 细胞的免疫平衡，呈剂量依赖性。此外，GA 显著减弱了产生过敏原特异性 IgE 和 IgG 的 B 细胞，部分原因是 T2 细胞因子水平较低。体内被动皮肤过敏反应和基于 RBL-2H3 细胞的免疫学测定均表明，GA 作为一种“肥大细胞稳定剂”发挥作用，因为它通过抑制 Orai1、STIM1 和 TRPC1 的表达来抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒和血管通透性增加，从而阻断细胞外 Ca2+内流。本研究表明，GA 可能作为一种有效的食物来源的抗过敏剂，用于预防和治疗 IgE 介导的过敏反应。
