Nitin Joseph, Palagani Revathi, Shradha N H, Vaibhav Jain, Kowshik K, Manoharan Roshan, Nelliyanil Maria
Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore, Community Medicine.
A.J Institute of Medical Sciences, Community Medicine.
Afr Health Sci. 2016 Mar;16(1):201-9. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v16i1.27.
Allergic disorders are not usually life-threatening conditions but they impair the person's ability to function. It thus adversely affects the psychological wellbeing and quality of life. These implications of allergic disorders can be minimized if strategies are planned for its early identification followed by appropriate interventions.
To find out the prevalence and risk factors of allergic disorders.
Data was collected by house to house survey among participants aged 18 years and above using a standardized allergy assessment questionnaire.
Mean age of the 400 participants was 42.8±14.7 years. Majority 105(26.2%) were in the age group 36 to 45 years. Majority were females 287(71.7%) and were house wives 217(54.2%). Majority of participants were of upper socio economic class 98(44.7%) out of 219 and majority were from urban areas 326(81.5%). The prevalence of allergy among participants was found to be 115(28.7%). Out of these 115, 37(32.2%) had possibility of allergy, 60(52.2%) had probability of allergy and the rest 18(15.6%) had very high likelihood for allergy. People residing in semi urban areas had increased risk of allergy (p=0.024) than those from urban areas. The prevalence of asthma was 30(7.5%) and skin allergy was 23(5.8%). Most common precipitating factors for allergy were dust exposure 103(25.8%) followed by seasonal changes 71(17.8%). Family history of allergy was associated with allergy among participants (p<0.001). Usage of firewood was associated with symptoms of respiratory allergy among participants (p=0.01).
The study revealed some important determinants of allergic disorders which have important implications to frame appropriate prevention and health educational strategies.
过敏性疾病通常并非危及生命的疾病，但它们会损害患者的功能能力。因此，这会对心理健康和生活质量产生不利影响。如果制定策略以早期识别过敏性疾病并随后进行适当干预，那么这些疾病的影响可以降至最低。
了解过敏性疾病的患病率和危险因素。
采用标准化的过敏评估问卷，通过逐户调查收集18岁及以上参与者的数据。
400名参与者的平均年龄为42.8±14.7岁。大多数105人（26.2%）年龄在36至45岁之间。大多数是女性287人（71.7%），家庭主妇217人（54.2%）。在219名参与者中，大多数属于社会经济上层阶级98人（44.7%），大多数来自城市地区326人（81.5%）。参与者中过敏的患病率为115人（28.7%）。在这115人中，37人（32.2%）有可能过敏，60人（52.2%）有过敏概率，其余18人（15.6%）有非常高的过敏可能性。居住在半城市地区的人比城市地区的人患过敏的风险更高（p = 0.024）。哮喘的患病率为30人（7.5%），皮肤过敏为23人（5.8%）。过敏最常见的诱发因素是接触灰尘103人（25.8%），其次是季节变化71人（17.8%）。参与者的过敏家族史与过敏有关（p<0.001）。使用柴火与参与者的呼吸道过敏症状有关（p = 0.01）。
该研究揭示了过敏性疾病的一些重要决定因素，这对于制定适当的预防和健康教育策略具有重要意义。
