Katsyuba Elena, Auwerx Johan
Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
EMBO J. 2017 Sep 15;36(18):2670-2683. doi: 10.15252/embj.201797135. Epub 2017 Aug 7.
Discovered in the beginning of the 20 century, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) has evolved from a simple oxidoreductase cofactor to being an essential cosubstrate for a wide range of regulatory proteins that include the sirtuin family of NAD-dependent protein deacylases, widely recognized regulators of metabolic function and longevity. Altered NAD metabolism is associated with aging and many pathological conditions, such as metabolic diseases and disorders of the muscular and neuronal systems. Conversely, increased NAD levels have shown to be beneficial in a broad spectrum of diseases. Here, we review the fundamental aspects of NAD biochemistry and metabolism and discuss how boosting NAD content can help ameliorate mitochondrial homeostasis and as such improve healthspan and lifespan.
烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）于20世纪初被发现，已从一种简单的氧化还原酶辅因子演变为多种调节蛋白的必需共底物，这些调节蛋白包括NAD依赖性蛋白脱酰基酶的沉默调节蛋白家族，是广泛认可的代谢功能和寿命调节因子。NAD代谢改变与衰老以及许多病理状况相关，如代谢性疾病和肌肉与神经系统疾病。相反，提高NAD水平已显示对多种疾病有益。在此，我们综述NAD生物化学和代谢的基本方面，并讨论提高NAD含量如何有助于改善线粒体稳态，从而改善健康寿命和寿命。
