Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nagi Bioscience, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nat Metab. 2020 Jan;2(1):9-31. doi: 10.1038/s42255-019-0161-5. Epub 2020 Jan 20.
The conceptual evolution of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from being seen as a simple metabolic cofactor to a pivotal cosubstrate for proteins regulating metabolism and longevity, including the sirtuin family of protein deacylases, has led to a new wave of scientific interest in NAD. NAD levels decline during ageing, and alterations in NAD homeostasis can be found in virtually all age-related diseases, including neurodegeneration, diabetes and cancer. In preclinical settings, various strategies to increase NAD levels have shown beneficial effects, thus starting a competitive race to discover marketable NAD boosters to improve healthspan and lifespan. Here, we review the basics of NAD biochemistry and metabolism, and its roles in health and disease, and we discuss current challenges and the future translational potential of NAD research.
烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）的概念演变，从被视为一种简单的代谢辅助因子，转变为调节代谢和长寿的蛋白质的关键辅酶，包括组蛋白去乙酰化酶家族的蛋白质，这引发了科学界对 NAD 的新一波兴趣。NAD 水平在衰老过程中下降，几乎所有与年龄相关的疾病中都可以发现 NAD 动态平衡的改变，包括神经退行性疾病、糖尿病和癌症。在临床前环境中，各种增加 NAD 水平的策略已显示出有益的效果，从而引发了一场竞争激烈的竞赛，以发现可销售的 NAD 增强剂来改善健康寿命和寿命。在这里，我们回顾了 NAD 生物化学和代谢的基础知识，以及它在健康和疾病中的作用，并讨论了 NAD 研究的当前挑战和未来转化潜力。
