美国年轻运动员中与运动相关的肌肉骨骼损伤的流行病学
Epidemiology of sports-related musculoskeletal injuries in young athletes in United States.
作者信息
Patel Dilip R, Yamasaki Ai, Brown Kelly
机构信息
Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
出版信息
Transl Pediatr. 2017 Jul;6(3):160-166. doi: 10.21037/tp.2017.04.08.
Over the past several decades there has been increased participation in sports by children and adolescents at earlier ages in the United States, as well as more intense participation and specialization in sports at very early ages. This trend has also partly contributed to the patterns of injuries seen in young athletes, and especially in recent years, injuries previously seen in mature athletes are being seen in young athletes. Overall, the vast majority of sport-related musculoskeletal injuries in children and adolescents are due to repetitive overuse and acute macrotrauma is less frequently seen in young athletes. Epidemiological data on sports injuries are provided by several national surveys. Investigators have used different methods to define sports injuries and the most widely used definition is based on athlete-exposure time. Certain aspects related to adolescent growth and development modulate the pattern of injuries. This article provides an overview of the epidemiology of sports-related musculoskeletal injuries seen in children and adolescents.
在过去几十年里，美国儿童和青少年在更小的年龄就开始更多地参与体育运动，并且在非常小的年龄就有更密集的参与和体育专项化。这种趋势也在一定程度上导致了年轻运动员中出现的损伤模式，尤其是近年来，以前在成年运动员中出现的损伤现在在年轻运动员中也出现了。总体而言，儿童和青少年中绝大多数与运动相关的肌肉骨骼损伤是由于重复性过度使用，而急性大创伤在年轻运动员中较少见。几项全国性调查提供了关于运动损伤的流行病学数据。研究人员使用了不同的方法来定义运动损伤，最广泛使用的定义是基于运动员暴露时间。与青少年生长发育相关的某些方面会调节损伤模式。本文概述了儿童和青少年中与运动相关的肌肉骨骼损伤的流行病学情况。
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