Patel Dilip R, Kinsella Elizabeth
Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
Transl Pediatr. 2017 Jul;6(3):225-235. doi: 10.21037/tp.2017.06.01.
Lower back pain in young athletes is a common problem. The prevalence of back pain from different causes in adolescent age group is between 20% and 30%. However, the incidence of low back pain in young athletes varies widely in different sports. Overuse injuries are the most common cause of low back pain in young athletes. In case of overuse injuries, the cause and effect relationship between back pain and specific condition is often difficult to establish. In adolescent athletes, the most common underlying identified cause of low back pain is lumbar spondylolysis. During adolescent growth spurt, the severity of the pain generally correlates with adolescent growth spurt. Participation in sports starting at an early age and for a longer duration tends to increase the risk for back pain. Numerous conditions cause low back pain in athletes. These include acute trauma, chronic overuse or repetitive trauma, and referred pain. Our focus in here will be on selected conditions that cause recurrent or chronic low back pain.
年轻运动员的下背部疼痛是一个常见问题。在青少年年龄组中，由不同原因引起的背痛患病率在20%至30%之间。然而，年轻运动员中腰痛的发病率在不同运动项目中差异很大。过度使用损伤是年轻运动员下背部疼痛最常见的原因。在过度使用损伤的情况下，背痛与特定状况之间的因果关系往往难以确定。在青少年运动员中，已确定的下背部疼痛最常见的潜在原因是腰椎峡部裂。在青少年生长突增期间，疼痛的严重程度通常与青少年生长突增相关。过早开始并长期参与运动往往会增加背痛的风险。许多情况会导致运动员下背部疼痛。这些包括急性创伤、慢性过度使用或重复性创伤以及牵涉痛。我们这里将重点关注导致复发性或慢性下背部疼痛的特定状况。
