α-amylase and α-glucosidase Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts from Planch Parts.

CONTEXT

Hyperglycemia is the hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and its prevention will go a long way in managing the disease and its associated complications. Reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia through retarding carbohydrates digesting enzymes is one of the major therapeutic approaches used in the management of diabetes.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the present study was to investigate the antidiabetic and cytotoxic effects of extracts .

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of root and leaves were investigated when the cytotoxic effects of these extracts were analyzed using MTT assay on human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cell lines.

RESULTS

The root ethanolic extract showed a mild α-amylase inhibitory activity with IC value of 22.75 ± 1.23 μg/ml, but strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC value 2.81 ± 0.97 μg/ml and the aqueous root extract indicated moderate inhibition for both α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC values of 33.70 ± 3.75 and 37.48 ± 2.35 μg/ml, respectively. The ethanolic root extract was found nontoxic at tested concentrations on HEK 293 cell lines as confirmed by the MTT assay with 93% cell viability at the highest concentration (200 μg/ml) tested. However, the aqueous extracts (leaf and root) were found cytotoxic at concentrations above 50 μg/ml.

CONCLUSION

Data of this study suggest that the root ethanolic extracts of possesses moderate α-amylase, but strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and did not show significant cytotoxicity with the tested concentrations.

SUMMARY

Present study was conducted to examine effects of antidiabetic and cyctotoxic effects of Cissus conrnifolia root and leaves extracts . Data of this study suggest that the root ethanolic extract of possesses mild to moderated antidiabetic activity via inhibiting carbohydrate digesting enzymes when no significant toxicity was observed with tested concentrations. alex: Aqueous leaf extract; arex: Aqueous root extract; CC: ; DNS: Dinitrosalicylic acid; DMSO: Dimethylsulfoxide; elex: Ethanolic leaf extract; erex: Ethanolic root extract; IDF: International Diabetes Federation; MEM: Minimum essential medium; NIDDM: Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; pNPG: Para-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside; SD: Standard deviation; T2D: Type 2 diabetes.