Nafiu Mikhail Olugbemiro, Ashafa Anofi Omotayo Tom
Department of Plant Sciences, Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, University of the Free State, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa.
Pharmacogn Mag. 2017 Oct-Dec;13(52):576-582. doi: 10.4103/pm.pm_583_16. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
is a plant of South African origin with various acclaimed pharmaceutical potentials.
This study explored the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of saponin extract from .
Antioxidant activity of saponin was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (*NO)-free radical scavenging activity while antidiabetic potentials were measured by the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the saponin extract.
The results showed that the saponin extract, compared with quercetin, displayed better DPPH (IC = 6.95 mg/ml) and NO (IC = 3.31 mg/ml) radical scavenging capabilities. Similarly, the saponin extracts elicited stronger α-glucosidase (IC = 3.80 mg/ml) and moderate α-amylase (IC = 4.18 mg/ml) inhibitory activities as compared to acarbose. Saponin exhibited a competitive mode of inhibition on α-amylase with same maximum velocity (Vmax) of 0.0093 mM/min for saponin compared with control 0.0095 mM/min and different the Michaelis constant (Km) values of 2.6 × 10 mM and 2.1 × 10 mM, respectively, while for α-glucosidase, the inhibition was uncompetitive, Vmax of 0.027 mM/min compared with control 0.039 mM/min and Km values of 1.02 × 10 mM and 1.38 × 10 mM, respectively. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis revealed the presence of bioactive like β- and α-amyrin, 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, methyl commate, and olean-12-en-3-beta-ol.
Overall, the data suggested that the saponin extract from has potentials as natural antioxidants and antidiabetics.
Saponin extract from displayed promising antidiabetic and antioxidant activitySaponin competitively and uncompetitively inhibited a-amylase and a-glucosidase, respectivelyThe stronger inhibition of α-glucosidase and moderate inhibition of α-amylase by saponin extract from is promising good antidiabetes compared with existing drugs with associated side effects. DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, Km: The Michaelis constant, Vmax: Maximum velocity, ROS: Reactive oxygen species, NIDDM: Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, UFS: University of the Free State, GC-MS: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric, MS: Mass spectrometry, NIST: National Institute of Standards and Technology, DNS: 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, NO: Nitric oxide, RNS: Reactive nitrogen species, PNPG: p-Nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside.
是一种原产于南非的植物，具有多种备受赞誉的药用潜力。
本研究探讨了该植物皂苷提取物的抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性。
通过2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）和一氧化氮（*NO）自由基清除活性评估皂苷的抗氧化活性，同时通过皂苷提取物的α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性测定其抗糖尿病潜力。
结果表明，与槲皮素相比，皂苷提取物表现出更好的DPPH（IC = 6.95毫克/毫升）和NO（IC = 3.31毫克/毫升）自由基清除能力。同样，与阿卡波糖相比，皂苷提取物引发更强的α-葡萄糖苷酶（IC = 3.80毫克/毫升）抑制活性和中等强度的α-淀粉酶（IC = 4.18毫克/毫升）抑制活性。皂苷对α-淀粉酶表现出竞争性抑制模式，皂苷的最大反应速度（Vmax）为0.0093毫摩尔/分钟，与对照组0.0095毫摩尔/分钟相同，米氏常数（Km）值分别为2.6×10毫摩尔和2.1×10毫摩尔，而对于α-葡萄糖苷酶，抑制作用为非竞争性，Vmax为0.027毫摩尔/分钟，与对照组0.039毫摩尔/分钟相比，Km值分别为1.02×10毫摩尔和1.38×10毫摩尔。气相色谱-质谱分析显示存在生物活性成分，如β-和α-香树脂醇、3-O-甲基-D-葡萄糖、甲基柯桠素和齐墩果-12-烯-3-β-醇。
总体而言，数据表明该植物的皂苷提取物具有作为天然抗氧化剂和抗糖尿病药物的潜力。
该植物的皂苷提取物显示出有前景的抗糖尿病和抗氧化活性。皂苷分别竞争性和非竞争性抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶。与现有有相关副作用的药物相比，该植物皂苷提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的较强抑制和对α-淀粉酶的中等抑制有望成为良好的抗糖尿病药物。DPPH：2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼，Km：米氏常数，Vmax：最大反应速度，ROS：活性氧，NIDDM：非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病 mellitus，UFS：自由州大学，GC-MS：气相色谱-质谱，MS：质谱，NIST：美国国家标准与技术研究院，DNS：3,5-二硝基水杨酸，NO：一氧化氮，RNS：活性氮，PNPG：对硝基苯基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷。
