Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Electronically Monitored Ecosystems (EME), LLC, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2017 Aug 16;17(8):1879. doi: 10.3390/s17081879.
Over the last 20 years, the Kirk R. Smith research group at the University of California Berkeley-in collaboration with Electronically Monitored Ecosystems, Berkeley Air Monitoring Group, and other academic institutions-has developed a suite of relatively inexpensive, rugged, battery-operated, microchip-based devices to quantify parameters related to household air pollution. These devices include two generations of particle monitors; data-logging temperature sensors to assess time of use of household energy devices; a time-activity monitoring system using ultrasound; and a CO₂-based tracer-decay system to assess ventilation rates. Development of each system involved numerous iterations of custom hardware, software, and data processing and visualization routines along with both lab and field validation. The devices have been used in hundreds of studies globally and have greatly enhanced our understanding of heterogeneous household air pollution (HAP) concentrations and exposures and factors influencing them.
在过去的 20 年里，加州大学伯克利分校的 Kirk R. Smith 研究小组——与 Electronically Monitored Ecosystems、Berkeley Air Monitoring Group 以及其他学术机构合作——开发了一系列相对廉价、坚固耐用、电池供电、基于微芯片的设备，用于量化与家庭空气污染相关的参数。这些设备包括两代粒子监测器；用于评估家用能源设备使用时间的数据记录温度传感器；使用超声波的时间活动监测系统；以及基于 CO₂的示踪剂衰减系统，用于评估通风率。每个系统的开发都涉及到多次定制硬件、软件和数据处理以及可视化例程的迭代，以及实验室和现场验证。这些设备已在全球数百项研究中得到应用，极大地提高了我们对异质家庭空气污染（HAP）浓度和暴露以及影响这些浓度和暴露因素的认识。
