Naya Daniel E, Naya Hugo, Cook Joseph
Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Unidad de Bioinformática, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.
PLoS One. 2017 Aug 16;12(8):e0183051. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183051. eCollection 2017.
Several studies have claimed that reduction in body size comprises a nearly universal response to global warming; however, doubts about the validity of this pattern for endothermic species have been raised recently. Accordingly, we assessed temporal changes in body mass for 27 bird and 17 mammal species, to evaluate if a reduction in body size during the 20th century is a widespread phenomenon among endothermic vertebrates. In addition, we tested if there are differences in the temporal change in size between birds and mammals, aquatic and terrestrial species, and the first and second half of the 20th century. Overall, six species increased their body mass, 21 species showed no significant changes in size, and 17 species decreased their body mass during the 20th century. Temporal changes in body mass were similar for birds and mammals, but strongly differ between aquatic and terrestrial species: while most of the aquatic species increased or did not change in body mass, most terrestrial species decreased in size. In addition, we found that, at least in terrestrial birds, the mean value of the correlation between body mass and year of collection differs between the first half and the second half of the 20th century, being close to zero for the former period but negative for the later one. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing that temporal changes in body mass differ between aquatic and terrestrial species in both mammals and birds.
多项研究称，体型缩小是对全球变暖几乎普遍的反应；然而，最近有人对这种模式在恒温动物中的有效性提出了质疑。因此，我们评估了27种鸟类和17种哺乳动物的体重随时间的变化，以评估20世纪体型缩小在恒温脊椎动物中是否是一种普遍现象。此外，我们还测试了鸟类和哺乳动物、水生和陆生物种以及20世纪上半叶和下半叶之间在体型随时间变化上是否存在差异。总体而言，在20世纪，有6个物种体重增加，21个物种体型无显著变化，17个物种体重下降。鸟类和哺乳动物的体重随时间变化相似，但水生和陆生物种之间差异很大：大多数水生物种体重增加或不变，而大多数陆生物种体型减小。此外，我们发现，至少在陆生鸟类中，20世纪上半叶和下半叶体重与采集年份之间的相关性平均值有所不同，前一时期接近零，而后一时期为负。据我们所知，这是第一项表明哺乳动物和鸟类中水生和陆生物种在体重随时间变化上存在差异的研究。
