DePorter Danielle P, Coborn Jamie E, Teske Jennifer A
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2017 Oct;25(10):1716-1722. doi: 10.1002/oby.21944. Epub 2017 Aug 17.
Sufficient sleep is required for weight maintenance. Sleep deprivation due to noise exposure stimulates weight gain by increasing hyperphagia and reducing energy expenditure (EE). Yet the mechanistic basis underlying the weight gain response is unclear. Orexin-A promotes arousal and negative energy balance, and orexin terminals project to the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO), which is involved in sleep-to-wake transitions. To determine whether sleep deprivation reduces orexin function in VLPO and to test the hypothesis that sleep deprivation would attenuate the orexin-A-stimulated increase in arousal, physical activity (PA), and EE.
Electroencephalogram, electromyogram, distance traveled, and EE were determined in male Sprague-Dawley rats following orexin-A injections into VLPO both before and after acute (12-h) and chronic (8 h/d, 9 d) sleep deprivation by noise exposure.
Orexin-A in the VLPO significantly increased arousal, PA, total EE, and PA-related EE and reduced sleep and respiratory quotient before sleep deprivation. In contrast to after acute sleep deprivation in which orexin-A failed to stimulate EE during PA only, orexin-A failed to significantly increase arousal, PA, fat oxidation, total EE, and PA-related EE after chronic sleep deprivation.
Sleep deprivation may reduce sensitivity to endogenous stimuli that enhance EE due to PA and thus stimulate weight gain.
维持体重需要充足的睡眠。因接触噪音导致的睡眠剥夺通过增加食欲亢进和减少能量消耗（EE）来刺激体重增加。然而，体重增加反应背后的机制基础尚不清楚。食欲素-A促进觉醒和负能量平衡，且食欲素终末投射至腹外侧视前区（VLPO），该区域参与睡眠至觉醒的转换。为了确定睡眠剥夺是否会降低VLPO中的食欲素功能，并检验睡眠剥夺会减弱食欲素-A刺激的觉醒、身体活动（PA）和EE增加这一假说。
在雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠中，通过噪音暴露进行急性（12小时）和慢性（每天8小时，共9天）睡眠剥夺前后，向VLPO注射食欲素-A后，测定脑电图、肌电图、行进距离和EE。
在睡眠剥夺前，VLPO中的食欲素-A显著增加觉醒、PA、总EE和与PA相关的EE，并降低睡眠和呼吸商。与急性睡眠剥夺后食欲素-A仅在PA期间未能刺激EE不同，慢性睡眠剥夺后食欲素-A未能显著增加觉醒、PA、脂肪氧化、总EE和与PA相关的EE。
睡眠剥夺可能会降低对因PA而增强EE的内源性刺激的敏感性，从而刺激体重增加。
