Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2018 Feb;41:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.07.009. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
The development and patterning of stomata in the plant epidermis has emerged as an ideal system for studying fundamental plant developmental processes. Over the past twenty years most studies of stomata have used the model dicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis thaliana. However, cultivated monocotyledonous grass (or Gramineae) varieties provide the majority of human nutrition, and future research into grass stomata could be of critical importance for improving food security. Recent studies using Brachypodium distachyon, Hordeum vulgare (barley) and Oryza sativa (rice) have led to the identification of the core transcriptional regulators essential for stomatal initiation and progression in grasses, and begun to unravel the role of secretory signaling peptides in controlling stomatal developmental. This review revisits how stomatal developmental unfolds in grasses, and identifies key ontogenetic steps for which knowledge of the underpinning molecular mechanisms remains outstanding.
植物表皮的气孔发育和模式形成已成为研究基本植物发育过程的理想系统。在过去的二十年中，大多数关于气孔的研究都使用了模式双子叶植物拟南芥。然而，栽培的单子叶禾本科（或禾本科）品种提供了人类营养的大部分，未来对禾本科气孔的研究对于提高粮食安全可能至关重要。最近使用短柄草、大麦和水稻的研究鉴定了控制禾本科气孔起始和发育所必需的核心转录调节因子，并开始揭示分泌信号肽在控制气孔发育中的作用。这篇综述回顾了气孔在禾本科中的发育过程，并确定了关键的个体发生步骤，这些步骤的基础分子机制仍有待阐明。
