Ifremer, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Centre Manche Mer du Nord, 150 quai Gambetta, F-62200 Boulogne-sur-mer, France; UMR-I 02 SEBIO, INERIS, URCA, ULH, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, FR CNRS 3730 Scale, Université Le Havre Normandie, F-76063 Le Havre Cedex, France.
Ifremer, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Station de La Rochelle, Place Gaby Coll, BP7, F-17137 L'Houmeau, France.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Jan 1;610-611:531-545. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.083. Epub 2017 Aug 19.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent organic pollutants that have been shown to affect fish life-history traits such as reproductive success, growth and survival. At the individual level, their toxicity and underlying mechanisms of action have been studied through experimental exposure. However, the number of experimental studies approaching marine environmental situations is scarce, i.e., in most cases, individuals are exposed to either single congeners, or single types of molecules, or high concentrations, so that results can hardly be transposed to natural populations. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of chronic dietary exposure to an environmentally realistic marine mixture of PCB and PBDE congeners on zebrafish life-history traits from larval to adult stage. Exposure was conducted through diet from the first meal and throughout the life cycle of the fish. The mixture was composed so as to approach environmentally relevant marine conditions in terms of both congener composition and concentrations. Life-history traits of exposed fish were compared to those of control individuals using several replicate populations in each treatment. We found evidence of slower body growth, but to a larger asymptotic length, and delayed spawning probability in exposed fish. In addition, offspring issued from early spawning events of exposed fish exhibited a lower larval survival under starvation condition. Given their strong dependency on life-history traits, marine fish population dynamics and associated fisheries productivity for commercial species could be affected by such individual-level effects of PCBs and PBDEs on somatic growth, spawning probability and larval survival.
多氯联苯（PCBs）和多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）是持久性有机污染物，已被证明会影响鱼类的生命史特征，如繁殖成功率、生长和存活。在个体水平上，通过实验暴露研究了它们的毒性及其潜在的作用机制。然而，接近海洋环境情况的实验研究数量很少，即，在大多数情况下，个体暴露于单一同系物、单一类型的分子或高浓度下，因此结果很难转化为自然种群。在本研究中，我们评估了慢性饮食暴露于环境现实的海洋 PCB 和 PBDE 同系物混合物对斑马鱼从幼虫到成鱼阶段生命史特征的影响。通过从第一餐开始并贯穿鱼类生命周期的饮食进行暴露。混合物的组成方式是为了在同系物组成和浓度方面接近环境相关的海洋条件。通过在每个处理中使用几个重复种群，比较了暴露鱼类和对照个体的生命史特征。我们发现暴露组的鱼体生长速度较慢，但最终体长较大，产卵概率延迟。此外，暴露组鱼早期产卵产生的后代在饥饿条件下的幼鱼存活率较低。鉴于它们对生命史特征的强烈依赖性，海洋鱼类种群动态及其相关渔业生产力可能会受到 PCBs 和 PBDEs 对体生长、产卵概率和幼鱼存活率的个体水平影响的影响。
