Krakowiak Anna, Piekarska-Wijatkowska Anna, Kobza-Sindlewska Katarzyna, Rogaczewska Anna, Politański Piotr, Hydzik Piotr, Szkolnicka Beata, Kłopotowski Tomasz, Picheta Sebastian, Porębska Barbara, Antończyk Andrzej, Waldman Wojciech, Sein Anand Jacek, Matuszkiewicz Eryk, Łukasik-Głębocka Magdalena
Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Department of Toxicology, Toxicology Unit).
Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Department of Toxicology, Poison Information Centre).
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2017 Oct 6;30(6):897-908. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01063. Epub 2017 Aug 22.
The aim of this study has been to assess the characteristics of acute poisoning deaths in Poland over a period of time 2009-2013.
The analysis was based on the data obtained from the patient records stored in toxicology departments in 6 cities - Łódź, Kraków, Sosnowiec, Gdańsk, Wrocław and Poznań. Toxicological analyses were routinely performed in blood and/or urine. Major toxic substances were classified to one of the following categories: pharmaceuticals, alcohol group poisonings (ethanol and other alcohols), gases, solvents, drugs of abuse, pesticides, metals, mushrooms, others. Cases were analyzed according to the following criteria: year, age and gender of analyzed patients, toxic substance category and type of poisoning. The recorded fatal poisonings were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases.
The record of 261 deaths were retrospectively reviewed. There were 187 males (71.64%) and 74 females (28.36%) and the male to female ratio was 2.52. Alcohol group poisonings were more frequently responsible for deaths in men compared to all poisonings, 91.1% vs. 71.6%, respectively (p < 0.05), and pharmaceutical agents were more frequently responsible for deaths in women, 47.4% vs. 28.4%, (p < 0.05). Methanol was the most common agent in the alcohol group poisonings, accounting for 43.75% (N = 49), followed by ethylene glycol, 39.29% (N = 44), and ethanol, 16.96% (N = 19).
Epidemiological profile data from investigation of poisoning deaths in Poland may be very useful for the development of preventive programs. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(6):897-908.
本研究旨在评估2009年至2013年期间波兰急性中毒死亡的特征。
分析基于从罗兹、克拉科夫、索斯诺维茨、格但斯克、弗罗茨瓦夫和波兹南6个城市毒理学部门存储的患者记录中获得的数据。常规对血液和/或尿液进行毒理学分析。主要有毒物质分为以下类别之一：药品、酒精类中毒（乙醇和其他醇类）、气体、溶剂、滥用药物、农药、金属、蘑菇、其他。根据以下标准对病例进行分析：被分析患者的年份、年龄和性别、有毒物质类别和中毒类型。记录的致命中毒病例根据国际疾病分类进行分类。
对261例死亡记录进行了回顾性审查。男性187例（71.64%），女性74例（28.36%），男女比例为2.52。与所有中毒情况相比，酒精类中毒导致男性死亡的情况更为常见，分别为91.1%和71.6%（p<0.05），药品导致女性死亡的情况更为常见，分别为47.4%和28.4%（p<0.05）。甲醇是酒精类中毒中最常见的毒物，占43.75%（N=49），其次是乙二醇，占39.29%（N=44），乙醇占16.96%（N=19）。
波兰中毒死亡调查的流行病学概况数据可能对制定预防计划非常有用。《国际职业医学与环境卫生杂志》2017年；30（6）：897-908。
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