Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Acad Pediatr. 2018 Jan-Feb;18(1):51-58. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2017.08.007. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
To measure how weight status and weight perception relate to mental distress and psychosocial protective factors in adolescents.
Adolescents in 8th, 9th, and 11th grade participating in the 2013 Minnesota Student Survey (N = 122,180) were classified on the basis of weight perception (overweight or not overweight) and weight status (not overweight, overweight, obese). Bivariate tests were used to assess the relationship of weight status and weight perception with internal mental distress, and generalized linear models were used to measure the association between weight status and weight perception with psychosocial protective factors including parent, school, and friend connectedness, social competency, and positive identity. Logistic regressions measured the relationship between psychosocial protective factors and internal mental distress.
Prevalence of internal mental distress ranged from 14.5% for overweight boys who perceived themselves as not overweight to 55.0% for girls who were not overweight but self-perceived as overweight. Across all weight-status categories, adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight, compared to those who did not, had higher internal mental distress and lower mean levels of psychosocial protective factors. All psychosocial protective factors were related to lower odds of internal mental distress, with significant small differences by weight status and weight perception.
Weight status and weight perception affected both mental distress and psychosocial protective factors. Those who perceived themselves as overweight, regardless of weight status, had the highest prevalence of mental distress and the lowest levels of psychosocial protective factors. Health care providers should consider screening for weight perception to provide a tailored approach to adolescent care.
测量青少年的体重状况和体重感知与心理困扰和心理社会保护因素之间的关系。
参与 2013 年明尼苏达州学生调查的 8 年级、9 年级和 11 年级的青少年根据体重感知（超重或不超重）和体重状况（不超重、超重、肥胖）进行分类。使用双变量检验评估体重状况和体重感知与内在心理困扰的关系，使用广义线性模型测量体重状况和体重感知与心理社会保护因素（包括父母、学校和朋友的联系、社交能力和积极身份）之间的关联。逻辑回归测量心理社会保护因素与内在心理困扰的关系。
内在心理困扰的患病率从超重但自我感觉不超重的男孩的 14.5%到不超重但自我感觉超重的女孩的 55.0%不等。在所有体重状况类别中，自我感觉超重的青少年与不超重的青少年相比，内在心理困扰更高，心理社会保护因素的平均水平更低。所有心理社会保护因素与内在心理困扰的几率较低有关，体重状况和体重感知的差异具有统计学意义。
体重状况和体重感知影响心理困扰和心理社会保护因素。那些自我感觉超重的人，无论体重状况如何，都有最高的心理困扰发生率和最低的心理社会保护因素水平。医疗保健提供者应考虑筛查体重感知，为青少年护理提供量身定制的方法。
