Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2023 Jan 12;48(1):39-50. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsac061.
The current study identifies levels of physical activity (PA) engagement among adolescents with neither asthma nor overweight/obesity (OW/OB), one, or both conditions. Risk and protective factors are examined across groups.
Data from 8th, 9th, and 11th graders were obtained from the 2019 Minnesota Student Survey (N = 125,164). One-way analysis of variance was used to assess PA levels across risk groups. Linear regressions were used to examine patterns of risk and protective factors for adolescent PA engagement across four groups (neither asthma nor OW/OB, asthma only, OW/OB only, and comorbid asthma + OW/OB). Results were stratified by race/ethnicity.
Adolescents with OW/OB only or asthma + OW/OB had significantly lower PA levels than youth with asthma only or neither condition (M = 3.65-3.67 days/week, SD = 2.20 vs M = 4.15-4.19 days/week, SD = 2.16-2.17, p < .001). The following variables were associated with adolescent PA (p < .001): Adult community care across all risk groups (β ranges = .13-.16), depressive symptoms among those with neither and both asthma + OW/OB (β's = -.10), and extracurriculars among those with asthma + OW/OB (β = .10). Extracurriculars and parent connectedness were protective for Hispanic adolescents.
Adolescents with OW/OB had significantly lower levels of PA compared to those without, regardless of asthma status. Individual and relational factors influenced adolescent PA. Future research investigating factors influencing adolescent PA should consider depressive symptoms, connectedness to adults in the community, non-sport-related extracurricular activity involvement, and address disparities among minoritized youth.
本研究旨在确定既无哮喘也无超重/肥胖（OW/OB）、一种或两种情况的青少年的身体活动（PA）参与水平。研究还对各群体的风险和保护因素进行了检查。
本研究的数据来自 2019 年明尼苏达州学生调查（N=125164 名 8 年级、9 年级和 11 年级学生）。采用单因素方差分析评估风险组的 PA 水平。采用线性回归分析了四个组（既无哮喘也无 OW/OB、仅有哮喘、仅有 OW/OB 和哮喘+OW/OB 共病）中青少年 PA 参与的风险和保护因素模式。结果按种族/民族进行分层。
与仅有哮喘或既无哮喘也无 OW/OB 的青少年相比，仅患有 OW/OB 或哮喘+OW/OB 的青少年的 PA 水平显著较低（M=3.65-3.67 天/周，SD=2.20 与 M=4.15-4.19 天/周，SD=2.16-2.17，p<0.001）。以下变量与青少年 PA 相关（p<0.001）：所有风险组的成人社区关怀（β范围=0.13-0.16）、既无哮喘也无哮喘+OW/OB 青少年的抑郁症状（β=-0.10）以及哮喘+OW/OB 青少年的课外活动（β=0.10）。对于西班牙裔青少年来说，课外和与父母的联系是保护性因素。
与没有 OW/OB 的青少年相比，患有 OW/OB 的青少年的 PA 水平显著较低，无论其哮喘状况如何。个体和关系因素影响青少年 PA。未来研究应考虑抑郁症状、与社区中成年人的联系、非运动相关的课外参与情况以及少数族裔青少年的差异，调查影响青少年 PA 的因素。
