Vallardi Giulia, Cordeiro Marilia Henriques, Saurin Adrian Thomas
Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
Prog Mol Subcell Biol. 2017;56:457-484. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-58592-5_19.
The KMN network (for KNL1, MIS12 and NDC80 complexes) is a hub for signalling at the outer kinetochore. It integrates the activities of two kinases (MPS1 and Aurora B) and two phosphatases (PP1 and PP2A-B56) to regulate kinetochore-microtubule attachments and the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). We will first discuss each of these enzymes separately, to describe how they are regulated at kinetochores and why this is important for their primary function in controlling either microtubule attachments or the SAC. We will then discuss why inhibiting any one of them individually produces secondary effects on all the others. This cross-talk may help to explain why all enzymes have been linked to both processes, even though the direct evidence suggests they each control only one. This chapter therefore describes how a network of kinases and phosphatases work together to regulate two key mitotic processes.
KMN网络（针对KNL1、MIS12和NDC80复合物）是外着丝粒信号传导的枢纽。它整合了两种激酶（MPS1和Aurora B）和两种磷酸酶（PP1和PP2A-B56）的活性，以调节着丝粒-微管附着和纺锤体组装检查点（SAC）。我们将首先分别讨论这些酶中的每一种，以描述它们在着丝粒处是如何被调节的，以及为什么这对它们在控制微管附着或SAC中的主要功能很重要。然后我们将讨论为什么单独抑制其中任何一种都会对其他所有酶产生次级效应。这种相互作用可能有助于解释为什么所有酶都与这两个过程相关联，尽管直接证据表明它们各自只控制一个过程。因此，本章描述了激酶和磷酸酶网络如何共同作用来调节两个关键的有丝分裂过程。
