Fagundes Gabriela Elibio, Damiani Adriani Paganini, Borges Gabriela Daminelli, Teixeira Karina Oliveira, Jesus Maiellen Martins, Daumann Francine, Ramlov Fernanda, Carvalho Tiago, Leffa Daniela Dimer, Rohr Paula, Moraes De Andrade Vanessa
a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LABIM), Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC) , Criciúma , SC , Brazil.
b Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry, Department of Botany , Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) , Florianópolis , SC , Brazil.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2017;80(13-15):756-766. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1357307. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
Kale juice (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala D.C.) is a reliable source of dietary carotenoids and typically contains the highest concentrations of lutein (LT) and beta-carotene (BC) among green leafy vegetables. As a result of their antioxidant properties, dietary carotenoids are postulated to decrease the risk of disease occurrence, particularly certain cancers. The present study aimed to (1) examine the genotoxic and antigenotoxic activity of natural and commercially available juices derived from Brassica oleracea and (2) assess influence of LT or BC against DNA damage induced by alkylating agents such as methyl methanesulfonate (MS) or cyclophosphamide (CP) in vivo in mice. Male Swiss mice were divided into groups of 6 animals, which were treated with water, natural, or commercial Brassica oleraceae juices (kale), LT, BC, MMS, or CP. After treatment, DNA damage was determined in peripheral blood lymphocytes using the comet assay. Results demonstrated that none of the Brassica oleraceae juices or carotenoids produced genotoxic effects. In all examined cell types, kale juices or carotenoids inhibited DNA damage induced by MMS or CP administered either pre- or posttreatment by 50 and 20%, respectively. Under our experimental conditions, kale leaf juices alone exerted no marked genotoxic or clastogenic effects. However, a significant decrease in DNA damage induced by MMS or CP was noted. This effect was most pronounced in groups that received juices, rather than carotenoids, suggesting that the synergy among constituents present in the food matrix may be more beneficial than the action of single compounds. Data suggest that the antigenotoxic properties of kale juices may be of therapeutic importance.
羽衣甘蓝汁（Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala D.C.）是膳食类胡萝卜素的可靠来源，在绿叶蔬菜中通常含有最高浓度的叶黄素（LT）和β-胡萝卜素（BC）。由于其抗氧化特性，膳食类胡萝卜素被认为可以降低疾病发生的风险，尤其是某些癌症。本研究旨在（1）检测源自Brassica oleracea的天然和市售果汁的遗传毒性和抗遗传毒性活性，以及（2）评估LT或BC对小鼠体内由甲基磺酸甲酯（MS）或环磷酰胺（CP）等烷化剂诱导的DNA损伤的影响。将雄性瑞士小鼠分成每组6只动物的小组，分别用水、天然或市售的Brassica oleraceae果汁（羽衣甘蓝）、LT、BC、MMS或CP进行处理。处理后，使用彗星试验测定外周血淋巴细胞中的DNA损伤。结果表明，Brassica oleraceae果汁或类胡萝卜素均未产生遗传毒性作用。在所有检测的细胞类型中，表示羽衣甘蓝汁或类胡萝卜素抑制了MMS或CP在预处理或后处理时分别诱导的50%和20%的DNA损伤。在我们的实验条件下，单独的羽衣甘蓝叶汁没有产生明显的遗传毒性或致断裂作用。然而，注意到MMS或CP诱导的DNA损伤显著减少。这种效应在接受果汁而非类胡萝卜素的组中最为明显，这表明食物基质中成分之间的协同作用可能比单一化合物的作用更有益。数据表明，羽衣甘蓝汁的抗遗传毒性特性可能具有治疗重要性。
