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该有孔虫属的细胞器基因组的非凡变异揭示了早期陆地植物的先进隐生种形成。

The extraordinary variation of the organellar genomes of the Aneura pinguis revealed advanced cryptic speciation of the early land plants.

机构信息

Department of Botany and Nature Protection, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Łódzki 1, 10-727, Olsztyn, Poland.

Department of Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 29;7(1):9804. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10434-7.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-10434-7
PMID:28852146
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5575236/
Abstract

Aneura pinguis is known as a species complex with several morphologically indiscernible species, which are often reproductively isolated from each other and show distinguishable genetic differences. Genetic dissimilarity of cryptic species may be detected by genomes comparison. This study presents the first complete sequences of chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of six cryptic species of A. pinguis complex: A. pinguis A, B, C, E, F, J. These genomes have been compared to each other in order to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships and to gain better understanding of the evolutionary process of cryptic speciation in this complex. The chloroplast genome with the nucleotide diversity 0.05111 and 1537 indels is by far more variable than mitogenome with π value 0.00233 and number of indels 1526. Tests of selection evidenced that on about 36% of chloroplast genes and on 10% of mitochondrial genes of A. pinguis acts positive selection. It suggests an advanced speciation of species. The phylogenetic analyses based on genomes show that A. pinguis is differentiated and forms three distinct clades. Moreover, on the cpDNA trees, Aneura mirabilis is nested among the cryptic species of A. pinguis. This indicates that the A. pinguis cryptic species do not derive directly from one common ancestor.

摘要

球兰属植物是一个物种复合体，包含了几个在形态上难以区分的物种，这些物种通常彼此之间存在生殖隔离，并且表现出明显的遗传差异。通过基因组比较可以检测到隐种之间的遗传差异。本研究首次提供了球兰属植物 6 个隐种复合体（A. pinguis A、B、C、E、F、J）的叶绿体和线粒体基因组的完整序列。通过对这些基因组进行比较，旨在重建系统发育关系，并深入了解该复合体中隐种形成的进化过程。叶绿体基因组的核苷酸多样性为 0.05111，具有 1537 个插入缺失，远比线粒体基因组的π值 0.00233 和 1526 个插入缺失更具变异性。选择测试表明，约 36%的叶绿体基因和 10%的线粒体基因在 A. pinguis 中受到正向选择。这表明这些物种经历了较为先进的物种形成过程。基于基因组的系统发育分析表明，球兰属植物是分化的，并形成了三个不同的分支。此外，在叶绿体树中，美丽球兰嵌套在球兰属植物的隐种中。这表明球兰属植物的隐种并非直接从一个共同祖先演化而来。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/2bdb0726bac6/41598_2017_10434_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/0b7fd6f0ea1a/41598_2017_10434_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/b76cb5500004/41598_2017_10434_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/3627d7df1ea0/41598_2017_10434_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/0d8b41e0b17e/41598_2017_10434_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/2bdb0726bac6/41598_2017_10434_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/0b7fd6f0ea1a/41598_2017_10434_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/b76cb5500004/41598_2017_10434_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/3627d7df1ea0/41598_2017_10434_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/0d8b41e0b17e/41598_2017_10434_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd57/5575236/2bdb0726bac6/41598_2017_10434_Fig5_HTML.jpg

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