Mohammadi Tayebeh Malek, Hasheminejad Naimeh, Salari Hamid Reza, Rostamizadeh Mohammad Reza, Najafipour Hamid
Kerman Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center and Kerman Social Determinants on Oral Health Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2017 Jul-Aug;7(4):186-190. doi: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_189_17. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
Like any other drug abuse, opium use is known to have detrimental effects on oral health. Oral hygiene neglect in opium users can lead to tooth loss resulting in further functional, esthetic, and dieting problems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the association between tooth loss and opium addiction in a large-scale population.
This study was part of an extensive study related to the risk factors of cardiovascular disease and conducted by the center for physiological research during 2012-2015 in Kerman. A total of 5900, 15-75-year-old individuals, were recruited by a single-stage random cluster sampling method. Factors including opium and smoking consumption, factors related to oral health, hygiene, and the number of missing teeth were examined. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and physical examination.
Of 5900 individuals, 2662 (45.1%) were men and the rest were women, which 1011 individuals (17.1%) consumed opium. The prevalence of opium abuse was significantly higher in men. Regarding the oral dental indicators, the numbers of missing teeth ( < 0.001), decayed ( = 0.01), and the total index of decayed, missing, and filled teeth ( < 0.001) were significantly higher in addicts as compared to nonaddicts. The gingival index and community periodontal index scores were significantly lower in addicts. Addicted women had a higher prevalence of tooth loss.
Opium addiction is associated with higher tooth loss, especially, in women opium users. Dental practitioners and health politicians should pay special attention to the oral health of addicts before tooth loss occurs.
与其他药物滥用一样，吸食鸦片对口腔健康有不良影响。鸦片使用者忽视口腔卫生会导致牙齿脱落，进而引发更多功能、美观和饮食方面的问题。因此，本研究旨在评估大规模人群中牙齿脱落与鸦片成瘾之间的关联。
本研究是一项与心血管疾病危险因素相关的广泛研究的一部分，由生理研究中心于2012年至2015年在克尔曼进行。通过单阶段随机整群抽样方法招募了总共5900名年龄在15至75岁之间的个体。对包括鸦片和吸烟消费情况、与口腔健康、卫生相关的因素以及缺失牙数量等因素进行了检查。数据通过问卷调查、访谈和体格检查收集。
在5900名个体中，2662名（45.1%）为男性，其余为女性，其中1011名个体（17.1%）吸食鸦片。男性鸦片滥用的患病率显著更高。关于口腔牙齿指标，与非成瘾者相比，成瘾者的缺失牙数量（<0.001）、龋齿数量（=0.01）以及龋失补牙总指数（<0.001）显著更高。成瘾者的牙龈指数和社区牙周指数得分显著更低。成瘾女性的牙齿脱落患病率更高。
鸦片成瘾与更高的牙齿脱落率相关，尤其是在女性鸦片使用者中。牙科医生和卫生政策制定者应在成瘾者牙齿脱落之前特别关注其口腔健康。
