Noorbala Ahmad Ali, Saljoughian Armita, Bagheri Yazdi Seyed Abbas, Faghihzadeh Elham, Farahzadi Mohammad Hadi, Kamali Koorosh, Faghihzadeh Soghrat, Hajebi Ahmad, Akhondzadeh Shahin, Mousavi Mir Taher
Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Psychosomatic Medicine Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2020 Oct;49(10):1940-1946. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v49i10.4697.
Drug addiction is known as one of the health, medical and social problems of the present century. Beyond the harmful physical and mental consequences for addicts, drug abuse can cause serious social problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate drug and alcohol abuse in individuals aged 15 yr and over in Iran in 2015.
This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on individuals aged 15 yr and older who lived in urban and rural areas of Iran. Overall, 36,600 individuals were selected by systematic and cluster random sampling. The postal code was used to access the samples in 31 provinces of Iran. In each province 1200 individuals (50% men, 50% women) were evaluated. The used instrument was the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), and data were analyzed using SPSS software.
The results showed 4.6% of individuals used Opium and its derivatives, 0.4% used Cannabis, 0.4% used Amphetamine stimulants, 6.1% used Sedative drugs, and 2.6% used Alcoholic beverages on a regular basis. Within the last 12 months, 3.9% of individuals used Opium and its derivatives, 0.4% used Cannabis, 0.3% used Amphetamine stimulants, 5.8% used Sedative drugs, and 1.9% used Alcoholic beverages. With the exception of Sedatives drugs men used more drugs than women and residents of rural areas used more opium and its derivatives than other groups of drugs. Based on the provincial distribution, Kerman and Qom used the highest and lowest prevalence percentage of Opium and its derivatives respectively.
Overall, 2340000 individuals were addicts used Opium and its derivatives in 2015, therefore, medical and health officials should take all necessary measures to deal with these serious social problems.
药物成瘾是当今世纪的健康、医学和社会问题之一。除了对成瘾者造成有害的身心后果外，药物滥用还会引发严重的社会问题。本研究的目的是评估2015年伊朗15岁及以上人群中的药物和酒精滥用情况。
这项描述性横断面研究针对居住在伊朗城乡地区的15岁及以上人群进行。总体而言，通过系统和整群随机抽样选取了36600人。使用邮政编码在伊朗的31个省份获取样本。在每个省份评估1200人（50%为男性，50%为女性）。所使用的工具是酒精、吸烟和物质使用筛查测试（ASSIST），并使用SPSS软件对数据进行分析。
结果显示，4.6%的人经常使用鸦片及其衍生物，0.4%的人使用大麻，0.4%的人使用苯丙胺类兴奋剂，6.1%的人使用镇静药物，2.6%的人经常饮用酒精饮料。在过去12个月内，3.9%的人使用鸦片及其衍生物，0.4%的人使用大麻，0.3%的人使用苯丙胺类兴奋剂，5.8%的人使用镇静药物，1.9%的人饮用酒精饮料。除镇静药物外，男性使用的药物比女性多，农村地区居民使用鸦片及其衍生物的比例高于其他药物组。根据省级分布，克尔曼省和库姆省分别使用鸦片及其衍生物的患病率最高和最低。
总体而言，2015年有2340000人成瘾并使用鸦片及其衍生物，因此，医疗卫生官员应采取一切必要措施应对这些严重的社会问题。
