Oppici Luca, Panchuk Derek, Serpiello Fabio R, Farrow Damian
Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, MelbourneVIC, Australia.
Movement Science, Australian Institute of Sport, CanberraACT, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2017 Aug 14;8:1387. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01387. eCollection 2017.
The long-term impact of practice with different task constraints on perceptual skill is relatively un-explored. This study examined the influence of extensive practice, i.e., more than a 1000 h of structured practice, with domain-specific task constraints on perceptual skill associated with the passing action. Despite performing the same passing skill, it is not known whether long-term exposure to specific soccer or futsal task constraints influences the players' attunement to environmental information. This study examined this issue by assessing the attention orientation of soccer ( = 24) and futsal players ( = 24) during modified games (6 vs. 6). Futsal players had higher scanning behavior during ball reception and control (40% more ball-player attention alternations) while soccer players mainly scanned the environment when not in ball possession (25% more attention alternations). We suggest that the behavioral differences found are elicited by the extensive domain-specific practice. That is, the higher number of players in soccer, and by a more intense game and easier to control ball in futsal. This study provides new insights into the long-term effects of practicing with specific task constraints.
不同任务限制下的练习对感知技能的长期影响相对未被探索。本研究考察了大量练习，即超过1000小时的结构化练习，以及特定领域任务限制对与传球动作相关的感知技能的影响。尽管执行相同的传球技能，但长期暴露于特定的足球或室内五人足球任务限制是否会影响球员对环境信息的协调仍不清楚。本研究通过评估足球运动员（n = 24）和室内五人足球运动员（n = 24）在修改后的比赛（6对6）中的注意力方向来研究这个问题。室内五人足球运动员在接球和控球时具有更高的扫描行为（球员对球的注意力交替多40%），而足球运动员在无球状态下主要扫描环境（注意力交替多25%）。我们认为发现的行为差异是由大量特定领域的练习引起的。也就是说，足球比赛中球员数量更多，而室内五人足球比赛更激烈且球更容易控制。本研究为特定任务限制下练习的长期影响提供了新的见解。
