Soekmadji Carolina, Corcoran Niall M, Oleinikova Irina, Jovanovic Lidija, Ramm Grant A, Nelson Colleen C, Jenster Guido, Russell Pamela J
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre Epworth, and Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Australia.
Prostate. 2017 Oct;77(14):1416-1423. doi: 10.1002/pros.23403. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
The use of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, as liquid biopsy-derived biomarkers for cancers have been investigated. CTC enumeration using the CellSearch based platform provides an accurate insight on overall survival where higher CTC counts indicate poor prognosis for patients with advanced metastatic cancer. EVs provide information based on their lipid, protein, and nucleic acid content and can be isolated from biofluids and analyzed from a relatively small volume, providing a routine and non-invasive modality to monitor disease progression. Our pilot experiment by assessing the level of two subpopulations of small EVs, the CD9 positive and CD63 positive EVs, showed that the CD9 positive EV level is higher in plasma from patients with advanced metastatic prostate cancer with detectable CTCs. These data show the potential utility of a particular EV subpopulation to serve as biomarkers for advanced metastatic prostate cancer. EVs can potentially be utilized as biomarkers to provide accurate genotypic and phenotypic information for advanced prostate cancer, where new strategies to design a more personalized therapy is currently the focus of considerable investigation.
循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）和循环细胞外囊泡（EV），如外泌体，作为源自液体活检的癌症生物标志物的应用已得到研究。使用基于CellSearch平台的CTC计数能准确洞察总生存期，较高的CTC计数表明晚期转移性癌症患者预后不良。EV根据其脂质、蛋白质和核酸含量提供信息，可从生物流体中分离出来并从相对少量的样本中进行分析，提供一种常规且非侵入性的方式来监测疾病进展。我们通过评估小EV的两个亚群（CD9阳性和CD63阳性EV）水平的初步实验表明，在有可检测到CTC的晚期转移性前列腺癌患者的血浆中，CD9阳性EV水平更高。这些数据表明特定EV亚群作为晚期转移性前列腺癌生物标志物的潜在效用。EV有可能被用作生物标志物，为晚期前列腺癌提供准确的基因型和表型信息，目前设计更个性化治疗的新策略是大量研究的重点。
