4D Convergence Technology Institute (National Key Technology Institute in University), Korea National University of Transportation, Jungpyeong 27909, Korea.
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 25;23(17):9619. doi: 10.3390/ijms23179619.
Multi-functionalized carbon nanomaterials have attracted interest owing to their excellent synergic properties, such as plasmon resonance energy transfer and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Particularly, nanoparticle (NP)-decorated graphene (GRP) has been applied in various fields. In this study, silver NP (AgNP)- and magnetic iron oxide NP (IONP)-decorated GRP were prepared and utilized as biosensing platforms. In this case, AgNPs and GRP exhibit plasmonic properties, whereas IONPs exhibit magnetic properties; therefore, this hybrid nanomaterial could function as a magnetoplasmonic substrate for the magnetofluoro-immunosensing (MFI) system. Conversely, exosomes were recently considered high-potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of diseases. However, exosome diagnostic use requires complex isolation and purification methods. Nevertheless, we successfully detected a prostate-cancer-cell-derived exosome (PC-exosome) from non-purified exosomes in a culture media sample using Ag/IO-GRP and dye-tetraspanin antibodies (Ab). First, the anti-prostate-specific antigen was immobilized on the Ag/IO-GRP and it could isolate the PC-exosome from the sample via an external magnetic force. Dye-tetraspanin Ab was added to the sample to induce the sandwich structure. Based on the number of exosomes, the fluorescence intensity from the dye varied and the system exhibited highly sensitive and selective performance. Consequently, these hybrid materials exhibited excellent potential for biosensing platforms.
多功能碳纳米材料因其优异的协同性能而受到关注，例如等离子体共振能量转移和表面增强拉曼散射。特别是，纳米颗粒（NP）修饰的石墨烯（GRP）已被应用于各个领域。在本研究中，制备了银 NP（AgNP）和磁性氧化铁 NP（IONP）修饰的 GRP，并将其用作生物传感平台。在这种情况下，AgNPs 和 GRP 表现出等离子体特性，而 IONPs 表现出磁性；因此，这种混合纳米材料可以用作磁流免疫荧光（MFI）系统的磁等离子体基底。相反，外泌体最近被认为是疾病诊断的高潜力生物标志物。然而，外泌体的诊断用途需要复杂的分离和纯化方法。尽管如此，我们还是使用 Ag/IO-GRP 和染料四跨膜蛋白抗体（Ab）成功地从非纯化的细胞培养基样品中外泌体中检测到前列腺癌细胞衍生的外泌体（PC-exosome）。首先，抗前列腺特异性抗原被固定在 Ag/IO-GRP 上，它可以通过外部磁力从样品中分离 PC-exosome。将染料四跨膜蛋白 Ab 添加到样品中以诱导三明治结构。基于外泌体的数量，染料的荧光强度发生变化，系统表现出高灵敏度和选择性。因此，这些混合材料在外泌体检测平台方面具有巨大的应用潜力。
