Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Pediatr Diabetes. 2018 May;19(3):501-505. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12566. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
Incidence rates of type 1 diabetes have long been on the rise across the globe, however, there is emerging evidence that the rate of rise may be slowing. The objective of this study was to describe trends in the incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes in a sample of Canadian children and youth.
Cases were extracted using linked administrative datasets and a validated diabetes case-finding definition. Incidence and prevalence trends were analyzed using the JoinPoint regression analysis program.
A small increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes was observed over the 11-year period from 2002-2003 to 2012-2013. Total incident cases per year ranged from 201 (2005-2006) to 250 (2007-2008). Total prevalent cases per year ranged from 1790 (2002-2003) to 2264 (2012-2013). Incidence was highest among children aged 5 to 14 years, and lowest in the youngest (1-4 years) and oldest (15-19 years) age brackets. The most significant increase in incidence was in children aged 10 to 14 years. Age-standardized prevalence increased significantly throughout the study period.
These results are similar to data from the United States but differ from European data with respect to the annual percent change for incidence as well as age-specific incidence trends. In keeping with the low mortality rates associated with type 1 diabetes, the prevalence continues to rise.
全球范围内 1 型糖尿病的发病率长期以来一直在上升，但有新证据表明，上升速度可能正在放缓。本研究的目的是描述加拿大儿童和青少年中 1 型糖尿病发病率和患病率的变化趋势。
通过链接的行政数据集和经过验证的糖尿病病例发现定义提取病例。使用 JoinPoint 回归分析程序分析发病率和患病率趋势。
在 2002-2003 年至 2012-2013 年的 11 年期间，1 型糖尿病的发病率略有上升。每年的总发病人数范围为 201 例（2005-2006 年）至 250 例（2007-2008 年）。每年的总现患病例数范围为 1790 例（2002-2003 年）至 2264 例（2012-2013 年）。发病率在 5 至 14 岁的儿童中最高，在最年轻（1-4 岁）和最年长（15-19 岁）的年龄组中最低。发病率增长最显著的是 10 至 14 岁的儿童。整个研究期间，年龄标准化患病率显著增加。
这些结果与美国的数据相似，但与欧洲的数据在发病率的年变化百分比以及特定年龄的发病率趋势方面有所不同。与 1 型糖尿病相关的低死亡率一致，患病率继续上升。
