Jensen Alexander C, McHale Susan M
School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, 2086 JFSB, BYU, Provo, UT 84602, United States.
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, 114 Henderson, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
J Adolesc. 2017 Oct;60:119-129. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.08.002. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
A family systems perspective directs attention to the potentially different experiences and perspectives of family members. This study examined parents' differential treatment (PDT) of siblings, discrepancies between parent and youth reports of PDT, and their links with relationships between adolescents and their mothers and fathers across three years. Participants were first- (Time 1 M age = 15.71, SD = 1.07) and secondborn (Time 1 M age = 13.18, SD = 1.29) siblings from 381, predominately white, working and middle class families. Analyses revealed that siblings' perceptions of being favored predicted less conflict with and greater warmth from both mothers and fathers, primarily for secondborn adolescents. Larger discrepancies between maternal and youth reports of differential affection were linked to more maternal conflict and less warmth for firstborns. These findings may suggest a hierarchy within families: parents may serve as referents for firstborns and firstborns as referents for secondborns.
家庭系统视角引导人们关注家庭成员潜在的不同经历和观点。本研究考察了父母对兄弟姐妹的差别对待（PDT）、父母与青少年关于PDT报告之间的差异，以及它们在三年时间里与青少年和父母关系的联系。参与者是来自381个主要为白人、工人阶级和中产阶级家庭的头胎（时间1平均年龄 = 15.71，标准差 = 1.07）和二胎（时间1平均年龄 = 13.18，标准差 = 1.29）兄弟姐妹。分析表明，兄弟姐妹对自己受宠的认知预示着与父母双方的冲突更少、温暖更多，这主要体现在二胎青少年身上。母亲与青少年关于差别关爱的报告之间的较大差异，与头胎青少年更多的母亲冲突和更少的温暖相关。这些发现可能表明家庭内部存在一种等级制度：父母可能是头胎的参照对象，而头胎可能是二胎的参照对象。
