Barba-Vidal Emili, Castillejos Lorena, Roll Victor F B, Cifuentes-Orjuela Gloria, Moreno Muñoz José A, Martín-Orúe Susana M
Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Federal University of PelotasPelotas, Brazil.
Front Microbiol. 2017 Aug 15;8:1570. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01570. eCollection 2017.
Probiotics have been demonstrated to be useful to enhance gut health and prevent gastrointestinal infections in humans. Additionally, some multi-strain probiotic combinations have been suggested to have greater efficacy than single strains. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the potential of a combination of the probiotic strains: subsp. (brand name IM1) and subsp. BPL6 to enhance gut health and to ameliorate the outcome of a challenge using a weaning piglet model. Seventy-two 28-day-old weanling piglets, 7.7 (±0.28) kg of body-weight, were distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial design; treated or not with the probiotic combination and challenged or not with the pathogen. Animals were orally challenged after an adaptation period (Day 8) with a single dose (5 × 10 cfu) of Typhimurium. One animal per pen was euthanized on Day 12 (Day 4 post-inoculation [PI]) and Day 16 (Day 8 PI). All parameters responded to the challenge and 4 deaths were registered, indicating a severe but self-limiting challenge. Improvements registered in the challenged animals due to the probiotic were: increased voluntary feed-intake ( probiotic × challenge = 0.078), reduced fecal excretion of ( = 0.028 at Day 1 PI and < 0.10 at Days 3 and 5 PI), decreased rectal temperature ( probiotic × day = 0.048) and improvements in the villous:crypt ratio ( probiotic × challenge < 0.001). Moreover, general probiotic benefits were observed in both challenged and non-challenged groups: decreased diarrhea scores of the PI period ( = 0.014), improved fermentation profiles on Day 8 PI (increased ileal acetic acid [ = 0.008] and a tendency to lower colonic ammonia concentrations [ = 0.078]), stimulation of intestinal immune response by increasing villous intraepithelial lymphocytes ( = 0.015 on Day 8 PI) and an improved villous:crypt ratio ( = 0.011). In conclusion, the multi-strain probiotic had a positive effect on reducing pathogen loads and alleviating animals in a challenge. In addition, enhanced gut health and immunity was recorded in all animals receiving the probiotic, indicating an improvement in the post-weaning outcome.
益生菌已被证明有助于促进人类肠道健康并预防胃肠道感染。此外，一些多菌株益生菌组合被认为比单一菌株具有更高的功效。本研究的目的是证明益生菌菌株组合：亚种（商品名IM1）和亚种BPL6在使用断奶仔猪模型增强肠道健康以及改善感染挑战结果方面的潜力。72头28日龄断奶仔猪，体重7.7（±0.28）千克，采用2×2析因设计进行分组；分别接受或不接受益生菌组合处理，以及接受或不接受病原体攻击。在适应期（第8天）后，动物口服单剂量（5×10 cfu）鼠伤寒沙门氏菌进行攻击。每栏在第12天（接种后第4天[PI]）和第16天（接种后第8天PI）处死1只动物。所有参数均对攻击有反应，记录到4只动物死亡，表明这是一次严重但自限性的攻击。由于益生菌的作用，受攻击动物出现的改善包括：自愿采食量增加（益生菌×攻击=0.078），粪便中沙门氏菌排泄量减少（接种后第1天=0.028，接种后第3天和第5天<0.1），直肠温度降低（益生菌×天数=0.048）以及绒毛：隐窝比值改善（益生菌×攻击<0.001）。此外，在受攻击和未受攻击的组中均观察到益生菌的总体益处：接种期腹泻评分降低（=0.014），接种后第8天发酵谱改善（回肠乙酸增加[=0.008]，结肠氨浓度有降低趋势[=0.078]），通过增加绒毛上皮内淋巴细胞刺激肠道免疫反应（接种后第8天=0.015）以及绒毛：隐窝比值改善（=0.011）。总之，多菌株益生菌对减少病原体载量和缓解感染攻击中的动物有积极作用。此外，在所有接受益生菌的动物中均记录到肠道健康和免疫力增强，表明断奶后结果有所改善。
