Christian Doppler Laboratory for Metabolic Crosstalk, Department of Internal Medicine 1, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria.
Christian Doppler Laboratory for Metabolic Crosstalk, Department of Internal Medicine 1, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria.
J Nutr Biochem. 2017 Nov;49:22-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.07.009. Epub 2017 Jul 24.
Adipose tissue is a critical regulator of energy metabolism and an effector organ of excessive caloric intake. We studied the effects of high-fructose (HFruD), high-fat (HFD) and mixed high-sucrose and high-fat diet (HFHSD) on adipocyte morphology and biology and consecutive metabolic effects in male and female C57BL/6 mice. Forty male and 40 female mice were randomly assigned to one of four dietary groups and fed for 10 weeks ad libitum. After 10 weeks of feeding, mice were analyzed in regard to glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and alteration in adipocyte morphology and function. Weight gain and diminished insulin sensitivity in HFD- and HFHSD-fed mice were accompanied by increased adipocyte size and a shift in size distribution towards larger adipocytes in all mice. The latter effect was also found but less pronounced in HFruD-fed mice, while insulin sensitivity and body weight remained unaffected. In male mice, expansion of white adipocytes along with decreased uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) expression and alterations of mitochondrial biogenesis was found after HFD and HFHSD feeding, while in female mice, UCP-1 expression was also reduced in the HFruD dietary group. Diet-induced cellular alterations were less pronounced in female mice. Our data demonstrate that high-fat rather than high fructose consumption drives metabolically disadvantageous alterations of adipocyte differentiation involving whitening and insulin resistance in a sex-dependent manner with most deleterious effects seen upon administration of combined sucrose and fat-enriched diet in male mice.
脂肪组织是能量代谢的关键调节者，也是摄入过多热量的效应器器官。我们研究了高果糖（HFruD）、高脂肪（HFD）和混合高蔗糖和高脂肪饮食（HFHSD）对雄性和雌性 C57BL/6 小鼠脂肪细胞形态和生物学的影响，以及随后的代谢影响。40 只雄性和 40 只雌性小鼠被随机分配到四个饮食组中的一个，并自由喂食 10 周。喂食 10 周后，分析小鼠的葡萄糖代谢、胰岛素敏感性以及脂肪细胞形态和功能的变化。HFD 和 HFHSD 喂养的小鼠体重增加和胰岛素敏感性降低，伴随着脂肪细胞大小的增加和大小分布向更大的脂肪细胞转移。这种效应在 HFruD 喂养的小鼠中也发现了，但程度较轻，而胰岛素敏感性和体重保持不变。在雄性小鼠中，HFD 和 HFHSD 喂养后发现白色脂肪细胞扩张，解偶联蛋白 1（UCP-1）表达减少，线粒体生物发生改变，而在雌性小鼠中，HFruD 饮食组的 UCP-1 表达也减少。饮食引起的细胞改变在雌性小鼠中不那么明显。我们的数据表明，高脂肪摄入而不是高果糖摄入以性别依赖的方式驱动脂肪细胞分化的代谢不利改变，涉及脂肪细胞的白化和胰岛素抵抗，而在雄性小鼠中给予蔗糖和脂肪丰富的饮食联合作用时，会产生最有害的影响。
