Wang Jing-Xin, Bao Lian-Jun, Luo Pei, Shi Lei, Wong Charles S, Zeng Eddy Y
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Dec;231(Pt 1):795-801. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.084. Epub 2017 Sep 25.
Diet is considered as the most important human exposure pathway for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Metabolism and accumulation patterns of PBDEs in different growth periods of chickens are helpful for evaluating human dietary exposure, but such information is scarce. In this study, female chickens were fed with food spiked with BDE-209 at 85 mg kg, and the intake, accumulation, and excretion of BDE-209 and its main metabolites in various tissues were examined. Concentrations of BDE-209 in chicken tissues increased over time in a tissue-specific manner; they were the greatest in liver and generally the lowest in breast meat during the entire exposure period. The kinetic patterns were dependent on both growth-dilution effects and accumulated concentrations of BDE-209. Tissue concentrations of ∑PBDE (sum of BDE-28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, 183, and 209) followed the sequence of liver > blood > skin > intestine > stomach > leg meat > breast meat. Different tissue partition coefficients and perfusion rates for blood may have resulted in different PBDE concentrations in tissues. The absorption efficiency of BDE-209 in chicken tissues followed the sequence of liver (0.15 ± 0.032%) > skin (0.14 ± 0.038%) > intestine (0.071 ± 0.021%) > breast meat (0.062 ± 0.020%) > leg meat (0.059 ± 0.016%) > stomach (0.021 ± 0.0095%), likely due in part to facilitated absorption of BDE-209 by transport proteins (P-glycoproteins). On average, 9.3 ± 1.7% of BDE-209 was excreted in feces. Estimated human average dietary intake via the consumption of chicken tissues of ∑PBDE for adults and children was 319 and 1380 ng day for liver, 211 and 632 ng day for leg meat, and 104 and 311 ng day for breast meat from the contaminated group. Liver clearly poses the highest exposure risk for human consumption, particularly if chickens are fed with contaminated feed.
饮食被认为是人类接触多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）的最重要途径。了解PBDEs在鸡不同生长阶段的代谢和积累模式，有助于评估人类通过饮食摄入的情况，但此类信息较为匮乏。本研究中，给雌性鸡喂食添加了85毫克/千克BDE - 209的食物，并检测了BDE - 209及其主要代谢产物在鸡各组织中的摄入量、积累量和排泄量。鸡组织中BDE - 209的浓度随时间以组织特异性方式增加；在整个暴露期内，肝脏中的浓度最高，胸肉中的浓度通常最低。动力学模式既取决于生长稀释效应，也取决于BDE - 209的积累浓度。∑PBDE（BDE - 28、47、99、100、153、154、183和209的总和）在组织中的浓度顺序为肝脏＞血液＞皮肤＞肠道＞胃＞腿肉＞胸肉。不同组织的分配系数和血液灌注率可能导致组织中PBDEs浓度不同。BDE - 209在鸡组织中的吸收效率顺序为肝脏（0.15±0.032%）＞皮肤（0.14±0.038%）＞肠道（0.071±0.021%）＞胸肉（0.062±0.020%）＞腿肉（0.059±0.016%）＞胃（0.021±0.0095%），这可能部分归因于转运蛋白（P - 糖蛋白）对BDE - 209的促进吸收。平均而言，9.3±1.7%的BDE - 209通过粪便排泄。对于受污染组，估计成年人和儿童通过食用鸡组织摄入的∑PBDE的平均每日摄入量，肝脏分别为319和1380纳克/天，腿肉分别为211和632纳克/天，胸肉分别为104和311纳克/天。显然，肝脏对人类食用构成的暴露风险最高，尤其是当鸡喂食受污染饲料时。
