Lezak Kimberly R, Missig Galen, Carlezon William A
Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA.
Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2017 Jun;19(2):181-191. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2017.19.2/wcarlezon.
Stress is a precipitating factor for anxiety-related disorders, which are among the leading forms of psychiatric illness and impairment in the modern world. Rodent-based behavioral tests and models are widely used to understand the mechanisms by which stress triggers anxiety-related behaviors and to identify new treatments for anxiety-related disorders. Although substantial progress has been made and many of the key neural circuits and molecular pathways mediating stress responsiveness have been characterized, these advances have thus far failed to translate into fundamentally new treatments that are safer and more efficacious in humans. The purpose of this article is to describe methods that have been historically used for this type of research and to highlight new approaches that align with recent conceptualizations of disease symptomatology and that may ultimately prove to be more fruitful in facilitating the development of improved therapeutics.
压力是焦虑相关障碍的一个诱发因素，而焦虑相关障碍是现代世界中精神疾病和功能损害的主要形式之一。基于啮齿动物的行为测试和模型被广泛用于了解压力触发焦虑相关行为的机制，并确定治疗焦虑相关障碍的新方法。尽管已经取得了重大进展，并且许多介导压力反应性的关键神经回路和分子途径已得到表征，但迄今为止，这些进展尚未转化为对人类更安全、更有效的全新治疗方法。本文的目的是描述历史上用于此类研究的方法，并强调与疾病症状学的最新概念相一致且最终可能在促进改进治疗方法的开发方面更有成效的新方法。
