Kuate-Tegueu Callixte, Avila-Funes José-Alberto, Simo Nadine, Le Goff Mélanie, Amiéva Hélène, Dartigues Jean-François, Tabue-Teguo Maturin
Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;60(2):585-592. doi: 10.3233/JAD-170267.
Gait speed (GS) and psychomotor speed (PS) could be considered as two different dimensions of age-related slowness and both measures are associated with higher risk of adverse health-related outcomes among elderly people.
To determine the association between GS, PS, and incident dementia among community-dwelling older adults.
Twelve-year longitudinal study of 1,265 participants in the Bordeaux Three-City Study, a French prospective cohort designed to determine the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment attributable to cardiovascular risk factors. Participants completed a battery of cognitive tests, including time to complete the Trail Making Test A, and a walking speed test. The incidence of dementia was determined over the 12-year follow-up period. Cox proportional hazards models with delayed entry were used to estimate the cumulative risk of dementia and were adjusted for sex, education, and ApoE4 genotype.
Mean age of participants was 74.0 years (SD 4.8). Over the 12-year follow-up, 203 participants developed dementia. GS and PS were both independent predictors of incident all-cause dementia after 12 years of follow-up. For a one SD increase of either GS or PS, the hazard ratio (HR) for Alzheimer's disease was 1.2 (95% CI = 1.02-1.32) and 1.4 (95% CI = 1.2-1.61), respectively; whereas for incident vascular dementia, the HR was 1.3 (95% CI = 1.05-1.71) and 1.5 (95% CI = 1.16-2.08), respectively. No significant interaction between GS and PS was observed.
In older French people aged 65+, our findings showed that both low GS and PS were independently associated with risk of incident Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
步速（GS）和精神运动速度（PS）可被视为与年龄相关的行动迟缓的两个不同维度，且这两种测量指标均与老年人出现不良健康相关结局的较高风险有关。
确定社区居住的老年人中GS、PS与新发痴呆症之间的关联。
对波尔多三市研究中的1265名参与者进行了为期12年的纵向研究，该研究是一项法国前瞻性队列研究，旨在确定心血管危险因素所致痴呆症和认知障碍的风险。参与者完成了一系列认知测试，包括完成连线测验A的时间以及步行速度测试。在12年的随访期内确定痴呆症的发病率。使用带有延迟进入的Cox比例风险模型来估计痴呆症的累积风险，并对性别、教育程度和载脂蛋白E4基因型进行了调整。
参与者的平均年龄为74.0岁（标准差4.8）。在12年的随访中，203名参与者患上了痴呆症。在随访12年后，GS和PS均为全因性新发痴呆症的独立预测因素。GS或PS每增加一个标准差，阿尔茨海默病的风险比（HR）分别为1.2（95%置信区间=1.02 - 1.32）和1.4（95%置信区间=1.2 - 1.61）；而对于新发血管性痴呆，HR分别为1.3（95%置信区间=1.05 - 1.71）和1.5（95%置信区间=1.16 - 2.08）。未观察到GS和PS之间存在显著交互作用。
在65岁及以上的法国老年人中，我们的研究结果表明，低GS和低PS均与新发阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆的风险独立相关。
