Machado Daniela, Castro Joana, Martinez-de-Oliveira José, Nogueira-Silva Cristina, Cerca Nuno
Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
PeerJ. 2017 Aug 29;5:e3750. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3750. eCollection 2017.
We aimed to determine the prevalence of vaginal colonization by and of bacterial vaginosis (BV) in Portuguese pregnant women, and to identify risk factors for BV and colonization in pregnancy.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women aged ≥ 18 years who were attending in two public hospitals of the Northwest region of Portugal. Epidemiological data was collected by anonymous questionnaire. BV was diagnosed by Nugent criteria and presence was identified by polymerase chain reaction. Crude associations between the study variables and BV or colonization were quantified by odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
The prevalences of BV and of colonization among Portuguese pregnant women were 3.88% and 67.48%, respectively. Previous preterm delivery and colonization by were factors with very high OR, but only statistically significant for a 90% CI. Conversely, higher rates of colonization were found in women with basic educational level (OR = 2.77, 95% CI [1.33-5.78]), during the second trimester of pregnancy (OR = 6.12, 95% CI [1.80-20.85]) and with BV flora (OR = 8.73, 95% CI [0.50-153.60]).
Despite the lower number of women with BV, prevalence ratios and association with risk factors were similar to recent European studies. However, the percentage of healthy women colonized by was significantly higher than many previous studies, confirming that colonization does not always lead to BV development.
我们旨在确定葡萄牙孕妇中阴道加德纳菌定植及细菌性阴道病（BV）的患病率，并确定孕期BV和加德纳菌定植的危险因素。
对葡萄牙西北部地区两家公立医院中年龄≥18岁的孕妇进行了一项横断面研究。通过匿名问卷收集流行病学数据。BV根据 Nugent 标准诊断，加德纳菌的存在通过聚合酶链反应确定。研究变量与BV或加德纳菌定植之间的粗略关联通过比值比（OR）及其95%置信区间（CI）进行量化。
葡萄牙孕妇中BV和加德纳菌定植的患病率分别为3.88%和67.48%。既往早产和加德纳菌定植是OR值非常高的因素，但仅在90%CI时具有统计学意义。相反，在基础教育水平的女性中（OR = 2.77，95%CI [1.33 - 5.78]）、妊娠中期（OR = 6.12，95%CI [1.80 - 20.85]）以及具有BV菌群的女性中（OR = 8.73，95%CI [0.50 - 153.60]）发现加德纳菌定植率更高。
尽管患有BV的女性数量较少，但其患病率及与危险因素的关联与近期欧洲研究相似。然而，健康女性加德纳菌定植的百分比显著高于许多先前的研究，证实加德纳菌定植并不总是导致BV的发生。
