Cushing Robin E, Braun Kathryn L
Office of Public Health Studies, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa , Honolulu, HI.
J Altern Complement Med. 2018 Feb;24(2):106-114. doi: 10.1089/acm.2017.0176. Epub 2017 Sep 7.
About one-third of service members returning from post-9/11 deployment in Afghanistan and Iraq report combat-related mental health conditions, but many do not seek conventional treatment. Mind-body therapies have been offered as alternative approaches to decreasing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but no review of studies with veterans of post-9/11 operations was found. The objective of this study was to fill that gap.
A systematic literature review was conducted following the preferred items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed MeSH terms were used to capture articles reporting on the military population (veteran and veterans) with PTSD who received a portable mind-body intervention (e.g., mindfulness, mind-body therapy, and yoga). PubMed/MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched. Studies were included if participants were a mixed group of war veterans, as long as some post-9/11 veterans were included. In addition, participants must have had a diagnosis of PTSD or subthreshold PTSD, and the PTSD must have been attributable to combat, rather than another event, such as sexual trauma or natural disaster.
Of 175 records identified, 15 met inclusion criteria. Studies reported on seated or gentle yoga that included breath work, meditation, mantra repetition, or breathing exercises. For 14 of the 15 studies, study retention was 70% or higher. Overall, studies reported significant improvements in PTSD symptoms in participants in these interventions. Although each study included post-9/11 veterans, about 85% of participants were from other conflicts, predominantly Vietnam.
Although findings were positive, future studies are needed to evaluate the short- and long-term impact of mind-body therapies on larger samples of post-9/11 veterans and to address research questions related to broadening service member and veteran participation in these therapies.
在9·11事件后从阿富汗和伊拉克部署地返回的军人中，约三分之一报告有与战斗相关的心理健康问题，但许多人并未寻求传统治疗。身心疗法已被作为减轻创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的替代方法提供，但未找到对9·11事件后行动退伍军人相关研究的综述。本研究的目的是填补这一空白。
按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选项目（PRISMA）指南进行系统文献综述。使用PubMed医学主题词来获取报告接受便携式身心干预（如正念、身心疗法和瑜伽）的患有PTSD的军人（退伍军人及退役军人）的文章。检索了PubMed/MEDLINE和PsycINFO。只要纳入了一些9·11事件后的退伍军人，若参与者为退伍军人混合组则纳入研究。此外，参与者必须已被诊断患有PTSD或亚阈值PTSD，且PTSD必须归因于战斗，而非其他事件，如性创伤或自然灾害。
在识别出的175条记录中，15条符合纳入标准。研究报告了包括呼吸练习、冥想、念诵咒语或呼吸训练的坐姿或温和瑜伽。在15项研究中的14项中，研究保留率为70%或更高。总体而言，研究报告这些干预措施的参与者的PTSD症状有显著改善。尽管每项研究都纳入了9·11事件后的退伍军人，但约85%的参与者来自其他冲突，主要是越南战争。
尽管结果是积极的，但未来仍需要研究来评估身心疗法对更多数量的9·11事件后退伍军人的短期和长期影响，并解决与扩大军人和退伍军人参与这些疗法相关的研究问题。
