Gnann J W, McCormick J B, Mitchell S, Nelson J A, Oldstone M B
Science. 1987 Sep 11;237(4820):1346-9. doi: 10.1126/science.2888192.
Efforts to solve the epidemiologic puzzle of AIDS in Africa are complicated by the presence of multiple human retroviruses. Simple serologic tests that unambiguously distinguish among infections by these retroviruses are essential. To that end, a partially conserved immunoreactive epitope was identified in the transmembrane glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) types 1 and 2. Synthetic peptides derived from these conserved domains were used in sensitive and specific immunoassays that detect antibodies in sera from patients infected with HIV-1 or HIV-2. By making single amino acid substitutions in the HIV-1 peptide, it was possible to demonstrate HIV-1 strain-specific antibody responses to this epitope. Such custom-designed peptides synthesized from this domain are likely to detect newly discovered HIV types, define infection with specific HIV strains, and allow detection of group-common antibodies.
非洲艾滋病流行病学难题的解决因多种人类逆转录病毒的存在而变得复杂。能够明确区分这些逆转录病毒感染的简单血清学检测至关重要。为此，在1型和2型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的跨膜糖蛋白中鉴定出了一个部分保守的免疫反应性表位。从这些保守结构域衍生的合成肽被用于灵敏且特异的免疫测定中，以检测感染HIV-1或HIV-2患者血清中的抗体。通过对HIV-1肽进行单个氨基酸替换，有可能证明针对该表位的HIV-1毒株特异性抗体反应。由该结构域合成的此类定制设计肽可能会检测到新发现的HIV类型，确定特定HIV毒株的感染情况，并能够检测出群体共同抗体。
