Park Kyung-Soo, Lee Chi-Heun, Lee Jung-Woo
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
J Dent Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Sep;16(3):151-157. doi: 10.17245/jdapm.2016.16.3.151. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
Botulinum toxin (BT) was the first toxin to be used in the history of human medicine. Among the eight known serotypes of this toxin, those currently used in medicine are types A and B. This review article mainly discusses BT type A (BTA) because it is usually used in dentistry including dental anesthesiology and oral and maxillofacial surgery. BTA has been used mainly in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) and hypertrophy and hyperactivity of the masticatory muscles, along with being a therapeutic option to relieve pain and help in functional recovery from dental and oral and maxillofacial surgery. However, it is currently used broadly for cosmetic purposes such as reducing facial wrinkles and asymmetry. Although the therapeutic effect of BTA is temporary and relatively safe, it is essential to have knowledge about related anatomy, as well as the systemic and local adverse effects of medications that are applied to the face.
肉毒杆菌毒素（BT）是人类医学史上首个被使用的毒素。在这种毒素已知的八种血清型中，目前医学上使用的是A 型和B型。这篇综述文章主要讨论A型肉毒杆菌毒素（BTA），因为它通常用于牙科，包括牙科麻醉学以及口腔颌面外科。BTA主要用于治疗颞下颌关节紊乱症（TMD）以及咀嚼肌肥大和功能亢进，同时也是缓解疼痛以及帮助牙科和口腔颌面外科术后功能恢复的一种治疗选择。然而，它目前被广泛用于美容目的，如减少面部皱纹和不对称。尽管BTA的治疗效果是暂时的且相对安全，但了解相关解剖结构以及面部用药的全身和局部不良反应至关重要。
