印度泰米尔纳德邦维鲁布尔姆区农村地区糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率及其相关因素
Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and its Associated Factors in a Rural Area of Villupuram District of Tamil Nadu, India.
作者信息
Nadarajan Balasubramanian, Saya Ganesh Kumar, Krishna Ramesh Babu, Lakshminarayanan Subitha
机构信息
Epidemiologist, Office of Deputy Director of Health Services, Villupuram District, Tamil Nadu, India.
Additional Professor, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
出版信息
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Jul;11(7):LC23-LC26. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/20946.10294. Epub 2017 Jul 1.
INTRODUCTION
There is limited information on prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) among diabetic subjects and its associated factors in a rural setting in developing countries including India. The information will be useful for initiating early screening strategies for this group in the community.
AIM
To assess the prevalence and certain associated factors of DR among diabetic subjects in a rural area of Tamil Nadu, India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 105 Type 2 diabetic subjects in Pakkam and Mandagapattu sub-center area of Kondur Primary Health Center in Villupuram district of Tamil Nadu, India. Data on associated factors which include sociodemographic factors, duration of disease, family history, and frequency of blood test, treatment regularity, hypertension, visual acuity and cataract were collected. Detailed eye examination including visual acuity, direct ophthalmoscope and Non Mydriatic Fundus Camera was done. Data was analysed by univariate analysis and described in proportion or percentages.
RESULTS
The mean age of the study population was 56.69 years. About 47 (44.8%) of the subjects were more than 60 years of age followed by 44 subjects (41.9%) in age group 45-59 years. Fundus examination in at least one eye was seen in 83 people (79.0%). Prevalence of DR in any eye and both the eye was 32.53% (27/83) and 31.58% (24/76) respectively. Severity of DR was moderate (51.9%) followed by mild (44.4%) and severe (3.7%). DR prevalence was more among >60 years age group (p=0.032) and lesser education level (p=0.057). There was no association of DR with duration of disease, family history of diabetes, treatment regularity, presence of hypertension, visual acuity and cataract (p>0.05).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of DR was inferred to be high and further larger follow up studies will explore the role of associated factors and its quantification in the causation of DR.
引言
在包括印度在内的发展中国家农村地区，关于糖尿病患者中糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的患病率及其相关因素的信息有限。这些信息对于在社区中为该群体启动早期筛查策略将是有用的。
目的
评估印度泰米尔纳德邦农村地区糖尿病患者中DR的患病率及某些相关因素。
材料与方法
这项横断面研究在印度泰米尔纳德邦维鲁布尔姆区孔杜尔初级卫生中心的帕卡姆和曼达加帕图子中心地区的105名2型糖尿病患者中进行。收集了包括社会人口统计学因素、病程、家族史、血液检查频率、治疗规律性、高血压、视力和白内障等相关因素的数据。进行了包括视力、直接检眼镜和免散瞳眼底照相机检查在内的详细眼部检查。数据通过单因素分析进行分析，并以比例或百分比描述。
结果
研究人群的平均年龄为56.69岁。约47名（44.8%）受试者年龄超过60岁，其次是45 - 59岁年龄组的44名受试者（41.9%）。83人（79.0%）至少一只眼睛进行了眼底检查。任何一只眼睛和双眼DR的患病率分别为32.53%（27/83）和31.58%（24/76）。DR的严重程度为中度（51.9%），其次是轻度（44.4%）和重度（3.7%）。DR患病率在>60岁年龄组中更高（p = 0.032），在教育水平较低者中更高（p = 0.057）。DR与病程、糖尿病家族史、治疗规律性、高血压的存在、视力和白内障无关联（p>0.05）。
结论
推断DR的患病率较高，进一步的大型随访研究将探讨相关因素在DR病因中的作用及其量化。
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