Kaygisiz Şöhret Yüksek, Ciğerci İbrahim Hakkı
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2017 Oct;33(10):802-809. doi: 10.1177/0748233717722907. Epub 2017 Sep 11.
In this study, the genotoxic potential of <50 nm, <100 nm iron oxide (FeO) nanoparticles (IONPs) and ionic form were investigated using the wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) and Allium and comet assays. In the SMART assay, different concentrations (1, 2, 5 and 10 mM) of NPs and ionic forms were fed to transheterozygous larvae of Drosophila melanogaster. No significant genotoxic effect was observed in <100 nm NPs and ionic form, while <50 nm IONPs showed genotoxicity at 1 and 10 mM concentrations. Allium cepa root meristems were exposed to five concentrations (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mM) of <50 nm and ionic forms for 4 h and three concentrations (2.5, 5 and 10 mM) for <100 nm of IONPs for 24 and 96 h. There was a statistically significant effect at 96 h at all concentrations of <100 nm IONPs. Similarly, <50 nm of IONPs and ionic forms also showed a statistically significant effect on mitotic index frequencies for all concentrations at 4 h. There was a dose-dependent increase in chromosomal abnormalities for IONPs and ionic form. Comet assay results showed time- and concentration-dependent increases in <100 nm NPs. There was a concentration-dependent increase in <50 nm NPs and ionic form ( p < 0.05). Consequently, the <50 nm of FeO was found toxic compared to 100 nm FeO and ionic form.
在本研究中，使用翅体细胞突变和重组试验（SMART）以及洋葱和彗星试验，研究了<50 nm、<100 nm的氧化铁（FeO）纳米颗粒（IONPs）及其离子形式的遗传毒性潜力。在SMART试验中，将不同浓度（1、2、5和10 mM）的纳米颗粒及其离子形式喂食给黑腹果蝇的转杂合幼虫。在<100 nm的纳米颗粒及其离子形式中未观察到明显的遗传毒性作用，而<50 nm的IONPs在1和10 mM浓度下显示出遗传毒性。将洋葱根尖分生组织暴露于<50 nm及其离子形式的五种浓度（0.001、0.01、0.1、1和10 mM）下4小时，以及<100 nm的IONPs的三种浓度（2.5、5和10 mM）下24小时和96小时。在96小时时，所有浓度的<100 nm IONPs均有统计学显著效应。同样，<50 nm的IONPs及其离子形式在4小时时对所有浓度的有丝分裂指数频率也显示出统计学显著效应。IONPs及其离子形式的染色体异常呈剂量依赖性增加。彗星试验结果显示，<100 nm纳米颗粒存在时间和浓度依赖性增加。<50 nm纳米颗粒及其离子形式呈浓度依赖性增加（p<0.05）。因此，与100 nm的FeO及其离子形式相比，发现<50 nm的FeO具有毒性。
