Lajoie Julie, Mwangi Lucy, Fowke Keith R
Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, 539-745 Bannnatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2N 1V3, Canada.
Department Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
AIDS Res Ther. 2017 Sep 12;14(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s12981-017-0166-7.
For over three decades, HIV infection has had a tremendous impact on the lives of individuals and public health. Microbicides and vaccines studies have shown that immune activation at the genital tract is a risk factor for HIV infection. Furthermore, lower level of immune activation, or what we call immune quiescence, has been associated with a lower risk of HIV acquisition. This unique phenotype is observed in highly-exposed seronegative individuals from different populations including female sex workers from the Pumwani cohort in Nairobi, Kenya. Here, we review the link between immune activation and susceptibility to HIV infection. We also describe a new concept in prevention where, instead of targeting the virus, we modulate the host immune system to resist HIV infection. Mimicking the immune quiescence phenotype might become a new strategy in the toolbox of biomedical methods to prevent HIV infection. Clinical trial registration on clinicaltrial.gov: #NCT02079077.
三十多年来，艾滋病毒感染对个人生活和公共卫生产生了巨大影响。杀微生物剂和疫苗研究表明，生殖道的免疫激活是艾滋病毒感染的一个危险因素。此外，较低水平的免疫激活，即我们所说的免疫静止，与较低的艾滋病毒感染风险相关。在来自不同人群的高暴露血清阴性个体中观察到了这种独特的表型，包括肯尼亚内罗毕普姆瓦尼队列中的女性性工作者。在这里，我们回顾了免疫激活与艾滋病毒感染易感性之间的联系。我们还描述了一种预防方面的新概念，即不是针对病毒，而是调节宿主免疫系统以抵抗艾滋病毒感染。模仿免疫静止表型可能成为预防艾滋病毒感染的生物医学方法工具箱中的一种新策略。临床试验注册于clinicaltrial.gov：#NCT02079077。
