Choudhary Jyoti, Dheeman Shrivardhan, Sharma Vipin, Katiyar Prashant, Karn Santosh Kumar, Sarangi Manoj Kumar, Chauhan Ankit Kumar, Verma Gaurav, Baliyan Nitin
Department of Microbiology, Chinmaya Degree College (Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand), Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249401, India.
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukula Kangri Deemed to be University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249404, India.
Biol Proced Online. 2021 Feb 1;23(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12575-020-00141-5.
COVID-19, a pandemic of the 21st century caused by novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was originated from China and shallowed world economy and human resource. The medical cures via herbal treatments, antiviral drugs, and vaccines still in progress, and studying rigorously. SARS-CoV-2 is more virulent than its ancestors due to evolution in the spike protein(s), mediates viral attachment to the host's membranes. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding spike domain associates itself with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptors. It causes respiratory ailments with irregularities in the hepatic, nervous, and gastrointestinal systems, as reported in humans suffering from COVID-19 and reviewed in the present article. There are several approaches, have been put forward by many countries under the world health organization (WHO) recommendations and some trial drugs were introduced for possible treatment of COVID-19, such as Lopinavir or Ritonavir, Arbidol, Chloroquine (CQ), Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and most important Remdesivir including other like Tocilizumab, Oritavancin, Chlorpromazine, Azithromycin, Baricitinib, etc. RT-PCR is the only and early detection test available besides the rapid test kit (serodiagnosis) used by a few countries due to unreasonable causes. Development of vaccine by several leader of pharmaceutical groups still under trial or waiting for approval for mass inoculation. Management strategies have been evolved by the recommendations of WHO, specifically important to control COVID-19 situations, in the pandemic era. This review will provide a comprehensive collection of studies to support future research and enhancement in our wisdom to combat COVID-19 pandemic and to serve humanity.
新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2引发的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是一场21世纪的大流行病，起源于中国，拖累了世界经济和人力资源。通过草药治疗、抗病毒药物和疫苗进行的医学治疗仍在进行中，并且正在严格研究。由于刺突蛋白的进化，SARS-CoV-2比其祖先更具毒性，它介导病毒与宿主细胞膜的附着。SARS-CoV-2受体结合刺突结构域与人类血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE-2）受体结合。如本文所综述的，在感染COVID-19的人类中，它会导致呼吸系统疾病，并伴有肝脏、神经和胃肠道系统的异常。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的建议，许多国家提出了几种方法，并引入了一些试验药物用于可能的COVID-19治疗，如洛匹那韦或利托那韦、阿比多尔、氯喹（CQ）、羟氯喹（HCQ），最重要的是瑞德西韦，还包括其他如托珠单抗、奥利万星、氯丙嗪、阿奇霉素、巴瑞替尼等。除了少数国家因不合理原因使用的快速检测试剂盒（血清学诊断）外，逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）是唯一可用的早期检测方法。几家制药集团的领导人研发的疫苗仍在试验中或等待批准进行大规模接种。在大流行时代，世卫组织的建议已经形成了管理策略，这对于控制COVID-19疫情尤为重要。本综述将提供一系列全面的研究，以支持未来的研究，并增强我们抗击COVID-19大流行和服务人类的智慧。
