Das Subham, Ramachandran Anu Kunnath, Birangal Sumit Raosaheb, Akbar Saleem, Ahmed Bahar, Joseph Alex
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
Manipal McGill Centre for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
Med Drug Discov. 2021 Jun;10:100085. doi: 10.1016/j.medidd.2021.100085. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
Recently, the pandemic outbreak of a novel coronavirus, officially termed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), indicated by a pulmonary infection in humans, has become one of the most significant challenges for public health. In the current fight against coronavirus disease-2019, the medical and health authorities across the world focused on quick diagnosis and isolation of patients; meanwhile, researchers worldwide are exploring the possibility of developing vaccines and novel therapeutic options to combat this deadly disease. Recently, based on various small clinical observations, uncontrolled case studies and previously reported antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-1 chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have attracted exceptional consideration as possible therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2. However, there are reports on little to no effect of CQ or HCQ against SARS-CoV-2, and many reports have raised concerns about their cardiac toxicity. Here, in this review, we examine the chemistry, molecular mechanism, and pharmacology, including the current scenario and future prospects of CQ or HCQ in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.
最近，一种新型冠状病毒的大流行爆发，正式命名为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2），以人类肺部感染为特征，已成为公共卫生领域最重大的挑战之一。在当前抗击2019冠状病毒病的斗争中，世界各地的医疗卫生当局专注于对患者的快速诊断和隔离；与此同时，全球研究人员正在探索开发疫苗和新治疗方案以对抗这种致命疾病的可能性。最近，基于各种小型临床观察、非对照病例研究以及先前报道的对SARS-CoV-1的抗病毒活性，氯喹（CQ）和羟氯喹（HCQ）作为对抗SARS-CoV-2的可能治疗药物受到了格外关注。然而，有报道称CQ或HCQ对SARS-CoV-2几乎没有作用，而且许多报道对它们的心脏毒性提出了担忧。在此综述中，我们研究了CQ或HCQ治疗SARS-CoV-2的化学、分子机制和药理学，包括当前情况和未来前景。
