Li Yuanyuan, Zhang Jamie, Yue Jiping, Gou Xuewen, Wu Xiaoyang
Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle). 2017 Sep 1;6(9):297-307. doi: 10.1089/wound.2017.0728.
Skin serves as a protective barrier for mammals. Epidermal stem cells are responsible for maintaining skin homeostasis. When cutaneous injuries occur, skin homeostasis and integrity are damaged, leading to dire consequences such as acute, chronic, or infected wounds. Skin wound healing is an intrinsic self-saving chain reaction, which is crucial to facilitating the replacement of damaged or lost tissue. An immense amount of research has uncovered the underlying mechanisms behind the complex and highly regulated wound healing process. In this review, we will dissect the biological process of adult skin wound healing and emphasize the importance of epidermal stem cells during the wound healing. We will comprehensively discuss the current clinical practices used on patients with cutaneous wounds, including both traditional skin grafting procedures and advanced grafting techniques with cultured skin stem cells. The majority of these leading techniques still retain some deficiencies during clinical use. Moreover, the regeneration of skin appendages after severe injuries remains a challenge in treatment. Understanding epidermal stem cells and their essential functions during skin wound healing are fundamental components behind the development of clinical treatment on patients with cutaneous wounds. It is important to improve the current standard of care and to develop novel techniques improving patient outcomes and long-term rehabilitation, which should be the goals of future endeavors in the field of skin wound healing.
皮肤是哺乳动物的保护屏障。表皮干细胞负责维持皮肤的内稳态。当皮肤受伤时，皮肤内稳态和完整性遭到破坏，会导致诸如急性、慢性或感染性伤口等严重后果。皮肤伤口愈合是一种内在的自我拯救连锁反应，对促进受损或缺失组织的替换至关重要。大量研究揭示了复杂且高度调控的伤口愈合过程背后的潜在机制。在本综述中，我们将剖析成人皮肤伤口愈合的生物学过程，并强调表皮干细胞在伤口愈合过程中的重要性。我们将全面讨论目前用于皮肤伤口患者的临床实践，包括传统的皮肤移植手术和使用培养的皮肤干细胞的先进移植技术。这些主要技术中的大多数在临床应用中仍存在一些缺陷。此外，严重损伤后皮肤附属器的再生在治疗中仍然是一个挑战。了解表皮干细胞及其在皮肤伤口愈合过程中的基本功能是皮肤伤口患者临床治疗发展背后的基本要素。提高当前的护理标准并开发能够改善患者预后和长期康复的新技术非常重要，这应该是皮肤伤口愈合领域未来努力的目标。
