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人类皮层中的听觉处理：颅内电生理学视角

Auditory processing in the human cortex: An intracranial electrophysiology perspective.

作者信息

Nourski Kirill V

机构信息

Department of Neurosurgery The University of Iowa Iowa City IA U.S.A.

出版信息

Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2017 Apr 12;2(4):147-156. doi: 10.1002/lio2.73. eCollection 2017 Aug.

DOI:10.1002/lio2.73
PMID:28894834
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5562943/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Direct electrophysiological recordings in epilepsy patients offer an opportunity to study human auditory cortical processing with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. This review highlights recent intracranial studies of human auditory cortex and focuses on its basic response properties as well as modulation of cortical activity during the performance of active behavioral tasks. : Literature review. : A review of the literature was conducted to summarize the functional organization of human auditory and auditory-related cortex as revealed using intracranial recordings.

RESULTS

The tonotopically organized core auditory cortex within the posteromedial portion of Heschl's gyrus represents spectrotemporal features of sounds with high temporal precision and short response latencies. At this level of processing, high gamma (70-150 Hz) activity is minimally modulated by task demands. Non-core cortex on the lateral surface of the superior temporal gyrus also maintains representation of stimulus acoustic features and, for speech, subserves transformation of acoustic inputs into phonemic representations. High gamma responses in this region are modulated by task requirements. Prefrontal cortex exhibits complex response patterns, related to stimulus intelligibility and task relevance. At this level of auditory processing, activity is strongly modulated by task requirements and reflects behavioral performance.

CONCLUSIONS

Direct recordings from the human brain reveal hierarchical organization of sound processing within auditory and auditory-related cortex.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Level V.

摘要

目的

对癫痫患者进行直接电生理记录，为以前所未有的时空分辨率研究人类听觉皮层处理过程提供了机会。本综述重点介绍了近期关于人类听觉皮层的颅内研究，并着重探讨其基本反应特性以及在主动行为任务执行过程中皮层活动的调制情况。：文献综述。：对文献进行综述，以总结通过颅内记录揭示的人类听觉及听觉相关皮层的功能组织。

结果

位于颞横回后内侧部分的呈音频拓扑组织的核心听觉皮层，能以高时间精度和短反应潜伏期表征声音的频谱时间特征。在这个处理水平上，高频伽马（70 - 150赫兹）活动受任务需求的调制最小。颞上回外侧表面的非核心皮层也维持对刺激声学特征的表征，并且对于语音而言，有助于将声学输入转化为音素表征。该区域的高频伽马反应受任务需求调制。前额叶皮层表现出复杂的反应模式，与刺激可懂度和任务相关性有关。在这个听觉处理水平上，活动受任务需求强烈调制，并反映行为表现。

结论

对人脑的直接记录揭示了听觉及听觉相关皮层内声音处理的层级组织。

证据水平

V级。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c8d9/5562943/cd01540cdb1e/LIO2-2-147-g007.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c8d9/5562943/cd01540cdb1e/LIO2-2-147-g007.jpg
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