Zu Xian-Peng, Lin Zhang, Xie Hai-Sheng, Yang Niao, Liu Xin-Ru, Zhang Wei-Dong
Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2016 May;41(10):1766-1772. doi: 10.4268/cjcmm20161002.
A large number and wide varieties of microorganisms colonize in the human gastrointestinal tract. They construct an intestinal microecological system in the intestinal environment. The intestinal symbiotic flora regulates a series of life actions, including digestion and absorption of nutrient, immune response, biological antagonism, and is closely associated with the occurrence and development of many diseases. Therefore, it is greatly essential for the host's health status to maintain the equilibrium of intestinal microecological environment. After effective compositions of traditional Chinese medicines are metabolized or biotransformed by human intestinal bacteria, their metabolites can be absorbed more easily, and can even decrease or increase toxicity and then exhibit significant different biological effects. Meanwhile, traditional Chinese medicines can also regulate the composition of the intestinal flora and protect the function of intestinal mucosal barrier to restore the homeostasis of intestinal microecology. The relevant literatures in recent 15 years about the interactive relationship between traditional Chinese medicines and gut microbiota have been collected in this review, in order to study the classification of gut microflora, the relationship between intestinal dysbacteriosis and diseases, the important roles of gut microflora in intestinal bacterial metabolism in effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines and bioactivities, as well as the modulation effects of Chinese medicine on intestinal dysbacteriosis. In addition, it also makes a future prospect for the research strategies to study the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicines based on multi-omics techniques.
大量种类繁多的微生物定植于人类胃肠道。它们在肠道环境中构建了一个肠道微生态系统。肠道共生菌群调节一系列生命活动，包括营养物质的消化吸收、免疫反应、生物拮抗等，并且与许多疾病的发生发展密切相关。因此，维持肠道微生态环境的平衡对宿主的健康状况至关重要。中药有效成分经人体肠道细菌代谢或生物转化后，其代谢产物更易被吸收，甚至可降低或增加毒性，进而呈现出显著不同的生物学效应。同时，中药还可调节肠道菌群组成，保护肠道黏膜屏障功能，以恢复肠道微生态的稳态。本综述收集了近15年有关中药与肠道微生物群相互作用关系的相关文献，旨在研究肠道微生物群的分类、肠道菌群失调与疾病的关系、肠道微生物群在中药有效成分肠道细菌代谢及生物活性中的重要作用，以及中药对肠道菌群失调的调节作用。此外，还对基于多组学技术研究中药作用机制的研究策略进行了展望。
