Vestergaard Mun 'delanji, Kerman Kagan, Tamiya Eiichi
School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST),1-1 Asahidai, Nomi City, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.
Dept. of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada.
Sensors (Basel). 2007 Dec 20;7(12):3442-3458. doi: 10.3390/s7123442.
Electrochemical-based protein sensors offer sensitivity, selectivity and reliabilityat a low cost, making them very attractive tools for protein detection. Although the sensorsuse a broad range of different chemistries, they all depend on the solid electrode surface,interactions with the target protein and the molecular recognition layer. Traditionally, redoxenzymes have provided the molecular recognition elements from which target proteins haveinteracted with. This necessitates that the redox-active enzymes couple with electrodesurfaces and usually requires the participation of added diffusional components, or assemblyof the enzymes in functional chemical matrices. These complications, among many others,have seen a trend towards non-enzymatic-based electrochemical protein sensors. Severalelectrochemical detection approaches have been exploited. Basically, these have fallen intotwo categories: labeled and label-free detection systems. The former rely on a redox-activesignal from a reporter molecule or a label, which changes upon the interaction of the targetprotein. In this review, we discuss the label-free electrochemical detection of proteins,paying particular emphasis to those that exploit intrinsic redox-active amino acids.
基于电化学的蛋白质传感器能够以低成本提供灵敏度、选择性和可靠性，使其成为极具吸引力的蛋白质检测工具。尽管这些传感器使用了广泛的不同化学方法，但它们都依赖于固体电极表面、与目标蛋白质的相互作用以及分子识别层。传统上，氧化还原酶提供了目标蛋白质与之相互作用的分子识别元件。这就要求氧化还原活性酶与电极表面偶联，并且通常需要添加扩散成分的参与，或者将酶组装在功能性化学基质中。在诸多其他复杂情况中，这些因素促使了基于非酶的电化学蛋白质传感器的发展趋势。已经开发了几种电化学检测方法。基本上，这些方法可分为两类：标记和无标记检测系统。前者依赖于报告分子或标记物发出的氧化还原活性信号，该信号在目标蛋白质相互作用时会发生变化。在本综述中，我们讨论蛋白质的无标记电化学检测，特别强调那些利用内在氧化还原活性氨基酸的检测方法。
