W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Sep 13;7(1):11474. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10965-z.
Measles is an acute viral disease associated both with immune suppression and development of life-long immunity. Clearance of measles virus (MeV) involves rapid elimination of infectious virus during the rash followed by slow elimination of viral RNA. To characterize cellular immune responses during recovery, we analyzed the appearance, specificity and function of MeV-specific T cells for 6 months after respiratory infection of rhesus macaques with wild type MeV. IFN-γ and IL-17-producing cells specific for the hemagglutinin and nucleocapsid proteins appeared in circulation in multiple waves approximately 2-3, 8 and 18-24 weeks after infection. IFN-γ-secreting cells were most abundant early and IL-17-secreting cells late. Both CD4 and CD8 T cells were sources of IFN-γ and IL-17, and IL-17-producing cells expressed RORγt. Therefore, the cellular immune response evolves during MeV clearance to produce functionally distinct subsets of MeV-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells at different times after infection.
麻疹是一种急性病毒性疾病，与免疫抑制和终身免疫的形成有关。麻疹病毒（MeV）的清除涉及皮疹期间传染性病毒的快速消除，随后是病毒 RNA 的缓慢消除。为了描述恢复期的细胞免疫反应，我们分析了猕猴呼吸道感染野生型 MeV 后 6 个月内 MeV 特异性 T 细胞的出现、特异性和功能。感染后约 2-3、8 和 18-24 周，针对血凝素和核衣壳蛋白的产生 IFN-γ 和 IL-17 的细胞在循环中多次出现。IFN-γ 分泌细胞早期最丰富，IL-17 分泌细胞晚期最丰富。CD4 和 CD8 T 细胞均为 IFN-γ 和 IL-17 的来源，并且产生 IL-17 的细胞表达 RORγt。因此，细胞免疫反应在 MeV 清除过程中演变，以在感染后不同时间产生具有不同功能的 MeV 特异性 CD4 和 CD8 T 细胞亚群。
