Jonas Jost B, Cheung Chui Ming Gemmy, Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Singapore National Eye Centre; Singapore Eye Research Institute; Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2017 Nov-Dec;6(6):493-497. doi: 10.22608/APO.2017251. Epub 2017 Sep 14.
This meta-analysis reports on current estimates of the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) based on a review of recent meta-analyses and literature research. Within an age of 45-85 years, global prevalences of any AMD, early AMD, and late AMD were 8.7% [95% credible interval (CrI), 4.3‒17.4], 8.0% (95% CrI, 4.0‒15.5), and 0.4% (95% CrI, 0.2-0.8). Early AMD was more common in individuals of European ancestry (11.2%) than in Asians (6.8%), whereas prevalence of late AMD did not differ significantly. AMD of any type was less common in individuals of African ancestry. The number of individuals with AMD was estimated to be 196 million (95% CrI, 140‒261) in 2020 and 288 million (95% CrI, 205‒399) in 2040. The worldwide number of persons blind (presenting visual acuity < 3/60) or with moderate to severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity < 6/18 to 3/60 inclusive) due to macular disease in 2010 was 2.1 million [95% uncertainty interval (UI), 1.9‒2.7] individuals out of 32.4 million individuals blind and 6.0 million (95% UI, 5.2‒8.1) persons out of 191 million people with MSVI. Age-standardized prevalence of macular diseases as cause of blindness in adults aged 50+ years worldwide decreased from 0.2% (95% UI, 0.2‒0.2) in 1990 to 0.1% (95% UI, 0.1‒0.2) in 2010; as cause for MSVI, it remained mostly unchanged (1990: 0.4%; 95% UI, 0.3‒0.5; 2010: 0.4%; 95% UI, 0.4‒0.6), with no significant sex difference. In 2015, AMD was the fourth most common cause of blindness globally (in approximately 5.8% of blind individuals) and third most common cause for MSVI (3.9%). These data show the globally increasing importance of AMD.
本荟萃分析基于对近期荟萃分析和文献研究的回顾，报告了年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）患病率的当前估计值。在45 - 85岁年龄段内，全球任何类型AMD、早期AMD和晚期AMD的患病率分别为8.7%[95%可信区间（CrI），4.3‒17.4]、8.0%（95% CrI，4.0‒15.5）和0.4%（95% CrI，0.2 - 0.8）。早期AMD在欧洲血统个体中（11.2%）比在亚洲人（6.8%）中更常见，而晚期AMD的患病率无显著差异。任何类型的AMD在非洲血统个体中较少见。据估计，2020年患有AMD的人数为1.96亿（95% CrI，1.40‒2.61），2040年为2.88亿（95% CrI，2.05‒3.99）。2010年，全球因黄斑疾病导致失明（视力<3/60）或中度至重度视力损害（MSVI；视力<6/18至3/60，含3/60）的人数在3240万盲人中为210万[95%不确定区间（UI），190‒270]，在1.91亿患有MSVI的人群中为600万（95% UI，520‒810）。全球50岁及以上成年人中，黄斑疾病作为失明原因的年龄标准化患病率从1990年的0.2%（95% UI，0.2‒0.2）降至2010年的0.1%（95% UI，0.1‒0.2）；作为MSVI的原因，患病率基本保持不变（1990年：0.4%；95% UI，0.3‒0.5；2010年：0.4%；95% UI，0.4‒0.6），且无显著性别差异。2015年，AMD是全球第四大常见失明原因（约占失明个体的5.8%）和第三大常见MSVI原因（3.9%）。这些数据表明AMD在全球的重要性日益增加。
